Table 1:
Baseline characteristics of study population according to isolated systolic hypertension (ISH) status and quartiles of pulse pressure, the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study, visit 5 (2011–2013)
| Isolated systolic hypertension status | p-value | Pulse pressure quartiles (PP range, mm Hg) | p-value | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Normotensive (N=3850) | ISH present (N=1298) | Q1(7–54) (N=1389) | Q2(54.5–62) (N=1256) | Q3(62.5–72) (N=1309) | Q4(72.5–158) (N=1297) | |||
| Age (years) | 75.1±5.0 | 76.3±5.1 | 0.45 | 73.6±4.6 | 74.8±4.8 | 75.9±4.9 | 77.4±5.2 | <0.0001 |
| Women | 56.8% | 63.8% | <0.0001 | 54.0% | 53.0% | 61.0% | 67.0% | <0.0001 |
| White | 80.3% | 73.2% | <0.0001 | 78.0% | 79.0% | 79.0% | 76.0% | 0.12 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 28.6±5.5 | 28.5±5.7 | 0.38 | 29.0±5.8 | 29.0±5.3 | 28.4±5.4 | 28.0±5.7 | 0.002 |
| Diabetes Mellitus | 27.2% | 28.3% | 0.67 | 24.0% | 25.0% | 27.0% | 32.0% | <0.0001 |
| Hypertension medication use | 72.7% | 77.1% | 0.006 | 70.0% | 70.0% | 74.0% | 81.0% | <0.0001 |
| Cholesterol-lowering medication use | 56.8% | 52.7% | 0.02 | 54.9% | 55.1% | 55.3% | 57.0% | 0.69 |
| Prevalent coronary heart disease | 12.9% | 13.0% | 0.58 | 10.0% | 12.0% | 14.0% | 16.0% | <0.0001 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 122.1±11.2 | 152.3±11.4 | <0.0001 | 114.7±11.5 | 124.3±10.5 | 133.2±10.6 | 149.7±15.5 | <0.0001 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 63.5±9.1 | 72.6±8.9 | <0.0001 | 66.9±10.5 | 66.0±10.3 | 66.2± 10.3 | 66.3±11 | 0.03 |
| Mean arterial blood pressure (mm Hg) | 102.6±9.4 | 125.7±8.7 | <0.0001 | 82.8±10.5 | 85.5±10.3 | 88.5±10.3 | 94.1±11.7 | <0.0001 |
| LDL-cholesterol (mg/dl) | 103.4±34.2 | 107.9±34.4 | 0.13 | 105.5±33.8 | 105.5±36.4 | 103.4±33.5 | 104.4±33.8 | 0.008 |
| HDL-cholesterol (mg/dl) | 52.1±13.6 | 53.8±14.9 | <0.0001 | 52.0±13.4 | 51.6±13.7 | 52.8±14 | 53.6±14.8 | 0.002 |
| Triglycerides (mg/dl) | 110.0 (84–148) | 112.0 (85–155) | 0.11 | 109.0 (85–145) | 112.0 (85–150) | 112.0 (84–151) | 108 (83–148) | 0.16 |
| eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2) | 66.9±17.4 | 65.3±18.5 | 0.03 | 68.0±17.3 | 68.3±16.7 | 66.4±17.4 | 63.3±18.7 | 0.001 |
| Smoker | 0.10 | 0.14 | ||||||
| Current | 6.1% | 5.7% | 6.3% | 5.3% | 6.6% | 5.6% | ||
| Former | 49.2% | 46.3% | 49.6% | 49.4% | 49.5% | 45% | ||
| Never | 39.2% | 41.9% | 38.7% | 39% | 38.4% | 43.8% | ||
| Unknown | 5.5% | 6.1% | 5.4% | 6.3% | 5.5% | 5.6% | ||
| Alcohol Drinker | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | ||||||
| Current | 51.6% | 47.4% | 52.1% | 55.1% | 49.9% | 43.7% | ||
| Former | 28.2% | 27.9% | 28.9% | 25.9% | 28% | 30.1% | ||
| Never | 20.2% | 24.7% | 19% | 19% | 22.1% | 26.2% | ||
| Median Hs-cTnT (ng/L) | 10 (7–15) | 11 (8–17) | <0.0001 | 9 (6–14) | 10 (7–15) | 10 (7–16) | 11 (8–18) | <0.0001 |
| Elevated Hs-cTnT (i.e., ≥14ng/l) | 28.5% | 69.3% | <0.0001 | 25.9% | 30.4% | 32.2% | 38.9% | <0.0001 |
| Median NT-pro BNP (pg/mL) | 113.7 (60.3–225.1) | 161.1 (86.6–306.9) | <0.0001 | 92.0 (48–185) | 107.0 (58–197) | 139.0 (72–245) | 186.0 (100–356) | <0.0001 |
| Elevated NT-pro BNP (i.e., ≥100pg/ml) | 29.3% | 68.7% | <0.0001 | 46.4% | 53.0% | 62.1% | 74.9% | <0.0001 |
Values are presented as mean±SD, median (25th-75th percentile) or %. Hs-cTnT, NT-pro BNP and triglycerides are presented as Median (25th - 75th percentile).
BMI: body mass index; e-GFR estimated glomerular filtration rate