To visualize the bacteria that are most responsible for differences between the groups of samples, taxa present at >1% abundance that are responsible for separation on the PCoA are shown, with the length of the vector proportional to its power to explain the separation. Practitioner and patient room stethoscopes are distinguished by the presence of taxa such as Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, Propionibacterium and other skin and gut flora, while clean stethoscopes and background samples are distinguished by detection of Methylobacterium, Pseudomonas and Acinetobacter.