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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Apr 1.
Published in final edited form as: Int Psychogeriatr. 2019 Oct;31(10):1447–1462. doi: 10.1017/S1041610218002120

Table 3:

Multiple Regression Model of Loneliness

Table 3a: Loneliness Model in Total Sample (N=340)
Variable B SE FDR- adjusted p Cohen’s d
Age −0.001 0.0007 0.04 0.11
Sex 0.05 0.02 0.03 0.12
Living alone 0.13 0.03 0.0001 0.24
Perceived Stress 0.008 0.003 0.02 0.14
Optimism −0.01 0.004 0.004 0.17
Mental well-being −0.007 0.002 0.0004 0.21
Wisdom −0.17 0.03 <0.0001 0.29
Cognitive complaints 0.002 0.0009 0.03 0.12
Table 3b: Loneliness Model in Each Sex
Women (N=170)
Variable B SE FDR- adjusted p Cohen’s d
Age −0.02 0.03 0.57 0.05
Living alone 0.13 0.04 0.003 0.26
Perceived Stress 0.008 0.004 0.11 0.16
Optimism −0.009 0.004 0.12 0.15
Mental well-being −0.009 0.003 0.002 0.28
Wisdom −0.19 0.04 0.0004 0.32
Cognitive complaints 0.002 0.001 0.24 0.11
Men (N=170)
Variable B SE FDR- adjusted p Cohen’s d
Age −0.06 0.03 0.15 0.14
Living alone 0.15 0.05 0.01 0.24
Perceived Stress 0.007 0.005 0.18 0.11
Optimism −0.02 0.006 0.04 0.20
Mental well-being −0.004 0.003 0.15 0.12
Wisdom −0.15 0.05 0.01 0.24
Cognitive complaints 0.002 0.001 0.15 0.12

Perceived stress measured with the Perceived Stress Scale (Cohen 1983)

Optimism measured with the Life Orientation Test – Revised (Scheier 1994)

Mental well-being measured with the Medical Outcomes Survey - Short Form 36 (Ware and Sherbourne 1992)

Wisdom measured with the San Diego Wisdom Scale (Thomas 2017)

Cognitive complaints measured with the Cognitive Failures Questionnaire (Broadbent 1982, Rast 2008)