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. 2019 Jun 12;7:130. doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2019.00130

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Copyright © 2019 Lenzen, Wynands, Otto, Bolzenius, Mennicken, Blank and Wierckx.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Metabolic overview of 4-hydroxybenzoate production by an engineered P. taiwanensis VLB120. Overexpressed genes are shown as green arrows, deleted genes as red arrows with a cross. The dashed red arrow symbolizes a point mutation resulting in a flux decrease. 6PGL, 6-phosphogluconate; G6P, glucose-6-phosphate; KDPG, 2-keto-3-deoxy-6-phosphogluconate; GA3P, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate; F6P, fructose-6-phosphate; S7P, sedoheptulose-7-phosphate; E4P, erythrose-4-phosphate; P5P, pentose-5-phosphate; 1,3bPG, 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate; 3PG, 3-phosphoglycerate; 2PG, 2-phosphoglycerate; PEP, phosphoenolpyruvate; Pyr, pyruvate; DAHP, 3-Deoxy-D-arabinoheptulosonate 7-phosphate; 3DQ, 3-dehydroquinate; 3DHS, 3-dehydroshikimate; S3P, shikimate-3-phosphate; 5O3PS, 5-O-(1-carboxyvinyl)-3-phosphoshikimate; 4HPP, 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate; PP, phenylpyruvate; Aro, arogenate; HG, homogentisate; HPHP-CoA, 4-Hydroxyphenyl-β-hydroxypropionyl-CoA; Genes: pgi, glucose-6-phosphate isomerase; ppsA, phosphoenolpyruvate synthase; tktA, transketolase; aroG, DAHP synthase; tyrA, prephenate dehydrogenase; quiC, 3-dehydroshikimate dehydratase; trpE, anthranilate synthase; hpd, 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase; tal, tyrosine ammonia-lyase; pal, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase; fcs, feruloyl-CoA synthetase; ech, enoyl-CoA dehydratase; vdh, vanillin dehydrogenase; pobA, p-hydroxybenzoic acid hydroxylase.