Figure 3.

Management of patients with AKI or worsening renal function who are receiving RAAS inhibitor. Clinical assessment of the individual patient is key. In all cases consider original indication for RAAS inhibitor. Major prognostic benefit: HFrEF, post MI and left ventricular systolic dysfunction (LVSD), CKD and albuminuria. No/little prognostic benefit: hypertension (other drug options available) and HFpEF. Please refer to table/text box for management of moderate to severe hyperkalaemia or progressive worsening renal function  (WRF). ACEi, ACE inhibitor; AKI, acute kidney injury; ARB, angiotensin receptor blocker; BP, blood pressure; MRA, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist; RAAS, renin–angiotensin–aldosterone.