Skip to main content
. 2019 Jun 12;10:1324. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01324

Figure 1.

Figure 1

F. nucleatum is present and associated with altered macrophage polarization in UC patients. (A) Absolute fluorescence quantification of fecal F. nucleatum in 30 UC patients and 16 controls. (B) M1 (CD68+CCR2+) and M2 (CD206+CX3CR1+) populations in peripheral blood from those with UC (n = 12) and controls (n = 12), as measured by flow cytometry. The difference of M1/M2 ratio between two groups was analyzed. (C) Correlations between F. nucleatum abundance, inflammatory cytokines and clinical parameters from 12 active UC patients. Media values were correlated, with a heatmap of Spearman's R-values. + indicate the Kendall rank correlation. Black margins denote those correlations that were significant even when analyzing individual samples based on Kendall's p-values. (D) Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and immunochemistry (IHC) staining for F. nucleatum, Arginase 1 (Arg1, M2 specific marker), and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS, M1 specific marker) in sections of colon tissue from UC patients (n = 12) or healthy controls (n = 12). Scale bars, 25 μm. (E) Western blot analysis of AKT2 expression in UC patients (n = 12) and healthy controls (n = 12). Data are presented as means ± SD. *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001; Student's t-test (two-tailed). CRP, C-reactive protein C; ESR, erythrocyte sedimentation rate; PCT, procalcitonin; WBC, white blood cell; HB, hemoglobin; PLT, platelet; ALB, albumin.