Fig. 4.

Corticostriatal connectivity is associated with a reduction of intergroup bias and more impartial giving. A) Youth who showed parametric increases in VS-pSTS connectivity to increasingly inequitable out-group giving B) showed lower intergroup bias (i.e., more impartiality) in costly giving to in-group versus out-group peers, as illustrated by biased giving scores around 0 on the y-axis. Note: The x-axis shows the linear relationship between the strength of VS-pSTS connectivity and the level of reward inequity when considering whether to give to the out-group relative to in-group. A positive value reflects greater functional connectivity between the VS and pSTS as youth considered giving more rewards to out-group peers over themselves, whereas a negative value reflects greater VS-pSTS connectivity as youth considered giving more rewards to in-group peers over themselves. The y-axis shows the level of biased giving, such that a positive value indicates a greater preference for giving to in-group peers over out-group peers (i.e., intergroup bias), whereas a value closer to 0 indicates no differential giving between in-group and out-group peers (i.e., impartial or equitable giving). fMRI results are reported at p < .005, with a corrected cluster extent of 49 contiguous voxels. L=Left.