Table 3.
Demographic and Clinical Characteristics at the Time of Dissection
| Variables | All Patients N= 240 |
Non-Pathogenic N=214 |
Pathogenic N=26 |
P |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age of onset, years | 56 (45, 66) | 57 (47, 67) | 38 (26, 48) | <.001 |
| Age of dissection, years | 56 (45, 67) | 57 (47, 67) | 41 (29, 50) | <.001 |
| Male | 159 (66) | 146 (68) | 13 (50) | 0.102 |
| Race (% Caucasian) | 212 (88) | 190 (89) | 22 (85) | 0.76 |
| Ethnicity (% non-Hispanic) | 224 (93) | 198 (93) | 26 (100) | 0.30 |
| Thoracic aortic indications | ||||
| Root aneurysm | 78 (33) | 64 (30) | 14 (54) | 0.025 |
| Ascending aneurysm | 119 (50) | 107 (50) | 12 (46) | 0.87 |
| Arch aneurysm | 59 (25) | 55 (26) | 4 (15) | 0.34 |
| Descending aneurysm | 71 (30) | 66 (31) | 5 (19) | 0.32 |
| Max aneurysmal diameter, mm | 48 (42, 57) | 47 (42, 55) | 57 (48, 71) | 0.03 |
| Type A aortic dissection | 144 (60) | 126 (59) | 18 (69) | 0.42 |
| Type B aortic dissection | 91 (38) | 84 (39) | 7 (27) | 0.31 |
| Rupture | 5 (2.1) | 4 (1.9) | 1 (3.8) | 0.441 |
| Risk Factors | ||||
| HTN | 126 (53) | 122 (57) | 4 (15) | <.001 |
| Dyslipidemia | 42 (18) | 40 (19) | 2 (7.7) | 0.27 |
| Smoking history (former/current) | 102 (43) | 97 (45) | 5 (19) | 0.02 |
| Type 2 diabetes mellitus | 6 (2.5) | 6 (2.8) | 0 (0) | 1.00 |
| Medications | ||||
| ACE-I | 29 (12) | 27 (13) | 2 (7.7) | 0.75 |
| Calcium channel blocker | 11 (4.6) | 11 (5.1) | 0 (0) | 0.61 |
| ARB | 14 (5.8) | 13 (6.1) | 1 (3.8) | 1.00 |
| Βeta-Blocker | 68 (28) | 62 (29) | 6 (23) | 0.69 |
| Anti-HTN medications (% yes) | 83 (35) | 77 (36) | 6 (23) | 0.28 |
| Number of HTN medications | 0.40 | |||
| 0 | 157 (65) | 137 (64) | 20 (77) | |
| 1 | 50 (21) | 46 (21) | 4 (15) | |
| 2 | 27 (11) | 26 (12) | 1 (3.8) | |
| 3 | 6 (2.5) | 5 (2.3) | 1 (3.8) | |
| Family history, first-degree relative | ||||
| Mother | 41 (17) | 31 (15) | 10 (50) | 0.008 |
| Father | 47 (20) | 39 (18) | 8 (31) | 0.22 |
| Sibling, at least one known | 42 (18) | 30 (14) | 12 (46) | <.001 |
| Child, at least one known | 18 (7.5) | 10 (5) | 8 (31) | <.001 |
| CLIA genetic testing (% yes) | 20 (8.0) | 15 (7.0) | 5 (19.2) | 0.05 |
| Pathogenic variant | 5 (2.0) | 0 (0) | 5 (19.2) | <.001 |
| Likely pathogenic or VUS | 8 (3.8) | 8 (3.8) | 0 (0) | 0.604 |
| No variant identified | 7 (3.3) | 7 (3.3) | 0 (0) | 1.0 |
Values are median (IQR) or n (%).
Correction for multiple statistical tests was not performed.
ACE-I=angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor; ARB=Angiotensin II receptor blocker; CLIA: Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments; HTN=hypertension