Table 1.

Intervertebral ROM in L₃‐L₄ and L₄‐L₅ of intact and spondylolytic calf lumber spines with and without instrumentation under flexion‐extension, lateral flexion and rotation (, °)

	Configuration	Intact	Defect	M‐Scott	S‐R‐H	S‐R	Buck
L3–L4	Flexion‐extension	10.48 ± 1.50	15.24 ± 2.53*	11.99 ± 1.60**	11.38 ± 1.55	11.47 ± 1.74	11.49 ± 1.39
	Lateral flexion	15.67 ± 2.79	16.27 ± 2.92	15.92 ± 2.73	15.92 ± 2.86	16.07 ± 2.95	15.90 ± 2.77
	Rotation	9.19 ± 1.04	15.70 ± 2.08*	9.48 ± 1.15	9.72 ± 0.95	9.76 ± 1.02	9.79 ± 1.23
L4–L5	Flexion‐extension	10.16 ± 1.71	13.43 ± 2.09*	10.98 ± 1.76**	10.33 ± 2.15	10.34 ± 1.95	10.35 ± 1.74
	Lateral flexion	14.98 ± 1.53	15.67 ± 1.70	15.22 ± 1.56	15.22 ± 1.56	15.27 ± 1.55	15.30 ± 1.67
	Rotation	8.36 ± 1.54	12.44 ± 3.20*	8.90 ± 1.37	8.44 ± 1.23	8.88 ± 1.26	8.97 ± 1.44

^* Significant difference between defect and the others (P < 0.05).

^** Significant difference between M‐Scott and the other three instruments (P < 0.05).

S‐R, screw‐rod; S‐R‐H, screw‐rod‐hook.