Table 1. Prevalence of Prescription Medication Use in Prior 30 Days Among Children and Adolescents Aged 0 to 19 Years: United States, 2011-2014a.
| Characteristic | No. of Participants | Any Prescription Medication | ≥2 Prescription Medications | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unweighted No. | Prevalence, % (95% CI) | P Value | Unweighted No. | Prevalence, % (95% CI) | P Value | ||
| Overall | 8600 | 1651 | 21.9 (20.3-23.6) | 638 | 8.5 (7.6-9.4) | ||
| Age | |||||||
| 0-23 mo | 1288 | 229 | 17.4 (14.9-20.1) | <.001b | 62 | 4.7 (3.6-6.0) | <.001b |
| 2-5 y | 1910 | 309 | 16.5 (13.7-19.7) | 96 | 4.9 (3.4-6.8) | ||
| 6-11 y | 2698 | 532 | 21.5 (19.2-24.0) | 238 | 8.6 (7.3-10.2) | ||
| 12-19 y | 2704 | 581 | 25.9 (22.6-29.4) | 242 | 10.9 (9.1-12.8) | ||
| Sex | |||||||
| Boys | 4360 | 859 | 20.6 (18.5-22.9) | .12c | 361 | 8.7 (7.5-10.1) | .52c |
| Girls | 4240 | 792 | 23.3 (20.7-25.9) | 277 | 8.1 (6.9-9.5) | ||
| Race and Hispanic origind | |||||||
| Non-Hispanic white | 2133 | 505 | 25.3 (22.6-28.2) | <.001c | 189 | 9.5 (8.1-11.0) | .002c |
| Non-Hispanic black | 2318 | 474 | 21.1 (18.6-23.7)e | 202 | 9.2 (7.6-11.0) | ||
| Hispanicf | 2727 | 447 | 16.8 (14.3-19.4)e,g | 169 | 6.5 (5.2-8.1)e | ||
| Mexican American | 1778 | 266 | 15.9 (12.9-19.2) | 104 | 6.6 (4.9-8.5) | ||
| Non-Hispanic Asian | 895 | 114 | 13.2 (10.5-16.2)e,g | 39 | 4.7 (3.2-6.7)e,g | ||
| Family income to poverty ratioh,i | |||||||
| <1 | 2859 | 538 | 19.9 (17.4-22.5) | .36b | 216 | 8.0 (6.7-9.4) | .93b |
| 1 to <2 | 2042 | 411 | 24.0 (20.2-28.1) | 169 | 10.1 (7.6-13.0) | ||
| 2 to <3 | 961 | 201 | 23.4 (19.7-27.4) | 76 | 8.5 (6.1-11.4) | ||
| 3 to <4 | 686 | 144 | 22.9 (18.2-28.1) | 56 | 8.3 (5.3-12.1) | ||
| ≥4 | 1273 | 241 | 22.5 (18.7-26.6) | 84 | 8.8 (7.0-10.9) | ||
| Educationi,j | |||||||
| <High school | 2097 | 341 | 18.2 (15.5-21.0) | .11b | 128 | 6.9 (5.6-8.6) | .26b |
| High school | 1903 | 390 | 22.7 (19.5-26.0) | 145 | 8.3 (6.3-10.7) | ||
| Some college | 2449 | 501 | 23.6 (20.2-27.2) | 204 | 9.1 (7.5-11.0) | ||
| College degree or higher | 1853 | 357 | 22.0 (18.5-25.9) | 133 | 8.3 (6.4-10.4) | ||
| Insurance statusi | |||||||
| Insured | 7844 | 1592 | 23.1 (21.3-24.9) | <.001c | 618 | 9.0 (8.1-10.0) | <.001c |
| Uninsured | 739 | 58 | 9.7 (5.9-14.8) | 20 | 2.4 (1.4-3.8) | ||
| Current health status | |||||||
| Excellent or very good | 5992 | 960 | 18.4 (17.0-19.9) | <.001b | 303 | 5.8 (5.0-6.6) | <.001b |
| Good | 2108 | 497 | 28.7 (24.5-33.3) | 224 | 13.8 (11.2-16.7) | ||
| Fair or poor | 500 | 194 | 42.7 (34.4-51.3) | 111 | 23.5 (18.3-29.5) | ||
Source: National Center for Health Statistics, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2011-2014. Prevalence estimates are weighted to account for differential probabilities of selection and survey nonresponse.
P value for trend using linear regression.
P value calculated using Pearson χ2 test with Rao-Scott second-order correction.
Categories “other Hispanic” and “other” not shown; χ2 and t tests compared mutually exclusive categories: non-Hispanic white, non-Hispanic black, Hispanic, and non-Hispanic Asian.
Significantly different from non-Hispanic white youth (P < .05).
Includes Mexican American.
Significantly different from non-Hispanic black youth (P < .05).
Ratio of family income to poverty level specific to the survey year (eg, 2 indicates a household income of 2 times the poverty level).
Fewer than 8600 participants because of missing data.
Education level of head of household.