Table 2.

Summary of clinical studies with degenerative disc disease as the indication for ALIF 21, 23, 28, 41, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97

Author	Study type	Surgery	Number of patients	Fusion rates (%)	Clinical success rate (%)	Serious complication rate (%)	Comments
Newmen and Grinstead, 1990	Prospective study	ALIF	36	89	86	11
Blumenthal et al., 1987	Prospective study	ALIF	34	73	74	3
Christensen et al., 1996	Retrospective study	ALIF	63	58	76	7
Boden et al., 2000	Prospective randomized controlled trial	ALIF	14	93	86	NR
Burkus et al., 2002	Prospective, non‐blinded study	ALIF	46	83	73	11
Burkus et al., 2002	Prospective, randomized, non‐blinded	ALIF	279	92	81	9
Kleeman et al., 2001	Prospective, controlled, non‐randomized	ALIF	22	100	100	0
Sasso et al., 2004	Prospective, randomized, controlled	ALIF	140	77
	clinical trial
Strube et al., 2011	Prospective cohort study	ALIF	40	71	91	6	6 patients dropped out
Moore et al., 2002	Retrospective study	ALIF + PLF	58	95	86	5
Matge & Leclercq, 2000	Retrospective study	ALIF	222	96	80	10
Pavlov et al., 2004	Prospective study	ALIF	58	99	98	10

ALIF, anterior lumbar interbody fusion; NR, no record; PLF, posterolateral fusion.