Table 1. Baseline Characteristics of Youths Insured by Medicaid Who Initiated Treatment With Antidepressant Medications, 2005-2009.
| Characteristic | Youths, No. (%) (N = 119 608) |
|---|---|
| Age, y | |
| 5-9 | 21 660 (18.1) |
| 10-14 | 43 724 (36.6) |
| 15-17 | 39 398 (32.9) |
| 18-20 | 14 826 (12.4) |
| Sex | |
| Male | 60 521 (50.6) |
| Female | 59 087 (49.4) |
| Race/ethnicity | |
| White | 55 438 (46.3) |
| African American | 20 720 (17.3) |
| Hispanic | 33 793 (28.3) |
| Othera | 9657 (8.1) |
| Medicaid eligibility group | |
| Foster care | 22 548 (18.9) |
| SSI | 15 841 (13.2) |
| TANF or CHIP | 81 219 (67.9) |
| State Medicaid program | |
| California | 66 524 (55.6) |
| Florida | 9341 (7.8) |
| Illinois | 34 330 (28.7) |
| New Jersey | 9413 (7.9) |
| Payment system | |
| Fee-for-service | 66 350 (55.5) |
| Managed care | 53 258 (44.5) |
| Psychiatric diagnostic group | |
| Schizophrenia or other psychoses | 4351 (3.6) |
| Tic disorders | 439 (0.4) |
| Bipolar disorder | 8815 (7.4) |
| Disruptive behavior disorders | 20 357 (17.0) |
| ADHD | 30 975 (25.9) |
| Depressive disorders | 44 753 (37.4) |
| Anxiety disorders | 21 189 (17.7) |
| Adjustment disorder | 14 144 (11.8) |
| Communication and learning disorder | 6850 (5.7) |
| Pervasive developmental disorder or intellectual disability | 4910 (4.1) |
| Personality disorder | 822 (0.7) |
| Somatoform spectrum disorders | 2049 (1.7) |
| Sleep disorders of nonorganic origin | 443 (0.4) |
| Alcohol and other substance abuse | 4269 (3.6) |
| Other psychiatric disorders | 18 701 (15.6) |
| Psychiatric medications | |
| Any psychiatric medication use | 42 398 (35.4) |
| ADHD drugs | 29 516 (24.7) |
| Atomoxetine | 5345 (4.5) |
| Central α-agonists | 8057 (6.7) |
| Stimulants | 25 235 (21.1) |
| Anticonvulsant-mood stabilizers | 9083 (7.6) |
| Antipsychotics | 18 554 (15.5) |
| Atypical antipsychotics | 18 433 (15.4) |
| Conventional antipsychotics | 463 (0.4) |
| Anxiolytic or hypnotics | 4186 (3.5) |
| Lithium | 1047 (0.9) |
| Metabolic screening procedures | 33 642 (28.1) |
| Diabetes screening | 5738 (4.8) |
| Hyperlipidemia screening | 11 424 (9.6) |
| Metabolic panelb | 29 929 (25.0) |
Abbreviations: ADHD, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder; CHIP, Children’s Health Insurance Program (youths eligible for Medicaid based on low family income); SSI, Supplemental Security Income (youths with disabilities); TANF, Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (youths eligible for Medicaid based on low family income).
a
Includes youths of Asian, Native Hawaiian, or other Pacific Islander race/ethnicity and youths with more than 1 race or unknown race/ethnicity.
b
Includes testing for blood glucose level.