Table 1. Baseline characteristics of studies included in the meta-analysis of feline leishmanial infection.
| Author | Year of publication | Country | Type of cat | Sample size | Leishmania species | Lab test | Seropositive (%) | PCR positive (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Michael. SA [43] | 1982 | Egypt | stray | 80 | Leishmania spp. | IHAT | 3.8 | . |
| Morsy. TA [44] | 1988 | Egypt | stray | 28 | Leishmania spp. | IHAT | 3.6 | . |
| Bez. M [45] | 1992 | France | . | 174 | Leishmania spp. | IFAT | 0.6 | . |
| Morsy. TA [46] | 1994 | Egypt | mixed | 60 | Leishmania spp. | IHAT | 10 | . |
| Sherlock. IA [47] | 1996 | Brazil | . | 53 | Leishmania spp. | IFAT | 0 | . |
| Pennisi. MG [48] | 1998 | Italy | mixed | 93 | Leishmania spp. | IFAT | 59.1 | . |
| Ozon. C [29] | 1998 | France | stray | 97 | L. infantum | WB | 12.4 | . |
| Pennisi. MG [8] | 2000 | Italy | mixed | 89 | Leishmania spp. | IFAT, PCR | 68.5 | 60.7 |
| Simões-Mattos. L [49] | 2001 | Brazil | stray | 84 | Leishmania spp. | ELISA | 10.7 | . |
| Poli. A [31] | 2002 | Italy | domestic | 110 | Leishmania spp. | IFAT | 0.9 | . |
| Portús. M [50] | 2002 | Spain | domestic | 117 | L. infantum | ELISA | 1.7 | . |
| Zárate-Ramos. JJ [51] | 2002 | Spain | domestic | 50 | L. infantum | DAT | 42 | . |
| Vita. S [52] | 2005 | Italy | mixed | 203 | Leishmania spp. | IFAT, PCR | 16.3 | 100 |
| Solano-Gallego. L [37] | 2007 | Spain | mixed | 445 | L. infantum | ELISA | 6.3 | . |
| Martín-Sánchez. J [36] | 2007 | Spain | domestic | 183 | L. infantum | IFAT, PCR | 70.5 | 25.7 |
| Nasereddin. A [53] | 2008 | Israel | stray | 104 | Leishmania spp. | ELISA | 6.7 | . |
| Huebner. J [54] | 2008 | Greece | mixed | 389 | Leishmania spp. | IFAT | 21.6 | . |
| Tabar. MD [55] | 2008 | Spain | domestic | 100 | L. infantum | PCR | . | 3 |
| Ayllon. T [40] | 2008 | Spain | domestic | 233 | L. infantum | IFAT, PCR | 4.29 | 0.4 |
| Maia. C [56] | 2008 | Portugal | stray | 23 | L. infantum | IFAT, PCR | 17.4 | 30.4 |
| Da Silva. AV [42] | 2008 | Brazil | domestic | 8 | L. infantum | IFAT | 25 | . |
| Sarkari. B [57] | 2009 | Iran | stray | 40 | L. infantum | IFAT, DAT | 27.5 | . |
| Diakou. A [58] | 2009 | Greece | stray | 284 | Leishmania spp. | ELISA | 3.9 | . |
| Figueiredo. FB [11] | 2009 | Brazil | . | 43 | Leishmania spp. | IFAT, ELISA | 2.4 | . |
| Hatam. GR [59] | 2010 | Iran | domestic | 40 | L. infantum | PCR | . | 7.5 |
| Veronesi. F [60] | 2010 | Italy | mixed | 95 | Leishmania spp. | IFAT, PCR | 9.5 | 5.3 |
| Cardoso. L [35] | 2010 | Portugal | domestic | 316 | L. infantum | ELISA, DAT | 2.8 | . |
| Duarte. A [61] | 2010 | Portugal | stray | 180 | L. infantum | IFAT | 0.6 | . |
| Maia. C [62] | 2010 | Portugal | domestic | 142 | L. infantum | IFAT, PCR | 1.3 | 20.4 |
| Costa. TA [63] | 2010 | Brazil | . | 200 | L. infantum | ELISA | 11.5 | . |
| Dahroug. MA [64] | 2010 | Brazil | Puma concolor, Panthera onca, Leopardus pardalis | 16 | L. infantum | PCR | . | 37.5 |
| Bresciani. KD [65] | 2010 | Brazil | domestic | 283 | Leishmania spp. | IFAT | 0 | . |
| Sherry. K [36] | 2011 | Spain | mixed | 105 | L. infantum | ELISA, PCR | 12.4 | 8.6 |
| Millán. J [66] | 2011 | Spain | mixed | 86 | L. infantum | WB, PCR | 15.7 | 25.6 |
| Miró. G [67] | 2011 | Spain | . | 20 | L. infantum | IFAT | 15 | . |
| Vides. JP [12] | 2011 | Brazil | . | 55 | L. infantum | IFAT, ELISA | 27.3 | . |
| Da Silveira Neto. L [ 68] | 2011 | Brazil | . | 113 | L. infantum | ELISA | 34.5 | . |
| Coelho. WM [13] | 2011 | Brazil | . | 70 | Leishmania spp. | IFAT, ELISA | 4.2 | . |
| Coelho. WM [13] | 2011 | Brazil | . | 52 | L. infantum | PCR | . | 5.8 |
| Pennisi. MG [69] | 2012 | Italy | mixed | 431 | Leishmania spp. | IFAT, PCR | 6.9 | 18.3 |
| Ayllon. T [70] | 2012 | Spain | mixed | 680 | L. infantum | IFAT, PCR | 3.7 | 0.6 |
| Sobrinho. LS [14] | 2012 | Brazil | stray | 302 | L. infantum | IFAT, ELISA | 15.23 | . |
| Longoni. SS [17] | 2012 | Mexico | stray | 95 | L. infantum, L. braziliensis | ELISA, WB | 31.6 | . |
| Spada. E [71] | 2013 | Italy | stray | 233 | Leishmania spp. | IFAT, PCR | 25.3 | 0 |
| Vilhena. H [9] | 2013 | Portugal | domestic | 320 | L. infantum | PCR | . | 0.3 |
| Cardia. DF [72] | 2013 | Brazil | stray | 386 | Leishmania spp. | IFAT | 0.5 | . |
| Silva. RD [73] | 2013 | Brazil | . | 153 | L. infantum | ELISA | 3.9 | . |
| Chatzis. MK [10] | 2014 | Greece | domestic | 100 | L. infantum | IFAT, ELISA, PCR | 11 | 41 |
| Silaghi. C [74] | 2014 | Albania | stray | 146 | Leishmania spp. | IFAT, PCR | 0.7 | 0 |
| Miró. G [75] | 2014 | Spain | stray | 346 | L. infantum | IFAT, PCR | 3.2 | 0 |
| Maia. C [76] | 2014 | Portugal | mixed | 649 | L. infantum | PCR | . | 9.9 |
| Maia. C [76] | 2014 | Portugal | mixed | 271 | L. infantum | DAT | 3.7 | . |
| Nimsuphan. B [77] | 2014 | Bangkok | pet | 237 | L. donovani | DAT | 0.8 | . |
| Moreno.I [78] | 2014 | Spain | stray | 43 | L. infantum | IFAT | 9.3 | . |
| Dorbadam. SM [79] | 2014 | Iran | stray | 50 | L. infantum | DAT | 2 | . |
| Sousa. KC [80] | 2014 | Brazil | domestic | 151 | L. infantum | IFAT | 6.6 | . |
| Fatollahzadeh. M [81] | 2014 | Iran | . | 65 | L. infantum | DAT, PCR | 23.0 | 0 |
| Braga. AR [82] | 2014 | Brazil | domestic | 50 | Leishmania spp. | IFAT | 4 | . |
| Costa. AP [83] | 2014 | Brazil | domestic | 52 | L. infantum | IFAT | 3.8 | . |
| Braga. AR [84] | 2014 | Brazil | . | 100 | Leishmania spp. | IFAT, PCR | 15 | 0 |
| Nemati. T [85] | 2015 | Iran | . | 65 | Leishmania spp. | DAT | 27.7 | . |
| Maia. C [86] | 2015 | Portugal | mixed | 271 | L. infantum | DAT | 3.7 | . |
| Dincer. E [87] | 2015 | Turkey | . | 22 | L. infantum | PCR | . | 4.5 |
| Oliveira. TM [88] | 2015 | Brazil | . | 52 | Leishmania spp. | PCR | . | 13.5 |
| Spada. E [89] | 2016 | Italy | stray | 90 | L. infantum | IFAT, PCR | 30 | 2.2 |
| Figueiredo. FB [90] | 2016 | Brazil | domestic | 34 | L. braziliensis | ELISA | 20.6 | . |
| Persichetti. MF [91] | 2016 | Spain | . | 42 | L. infantum | IFAT, PCR | 2.4 | 7.1 |
| Can. H [16] | 2016 | Turkey | stray | 1101 | L. infantum, L. tropica | IFAT, ELISA, PCR | 10.5 | 0.54 |
| Persichetti. MF [15] | 2017 | Italy | . | 161 | L. infantum | ELISA, IFAT, WB | 29.2 | . |
| Otranto. D [92] | 2017 | Italy | . | 330 | L. infantum | IFAT, PCR | 25.8 | 3.9 |
| Mylonakis. ME [93] | 2017 | Greece | . | 100 | L. infantum | PCR | . | 41 |
| Mohebali. M [94] | 2017 | Iran | stray | 103 | L. infantum | DAT | 24.3 | . |
| Metzdorf. IP [95] | 2017 | Brazil | domestic | 100 | L. infantum | PCR | . | 6 |
| De Mendonça. IL [96] | 2017 | Brazil | domestic | 83 | L. infantum | ELISA | 4 | . |
| Lopes. AP [97] | 2017 | Portugal | domestic | 102 | Leishmania spp. | DAT | 0 | . |
| Poffo. D [98] | 2017 | Brazil | domestic | 88 | Leishmania spp. | PCR | . | 0 |
| Akhtardanesh. B [99] | 2017 | Iran | stray | 60 | L. infantum, L. tropica | ELISA, PCR | 6.7 | 16.7 |
| Benassi. JC [100] | 2017 | Brazil | mixed | 108 | L. infantum | PCR | . | 1.85 |