Table 2. Subgroup meta-analysis for seroprevalence and PCR prevalence of Leishmania infection in cats.
| Characteristics | Factors | Seropositive | PCR positive | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | Prevalence (%) (95%CI) | I-square (%) | p | n | Prevalence (%) (95%CI) | I-square (%) | P<0.001 | ||
| Country | Iran | 6 | 17.0 (8.0-28.0) | 83.8 | 0.06 | 3 | 6.0 (0.0-21.0) | - | P<0.001 |
| Egypt | 3 | 6.0 (2.0-10.0) | 98.3 | NR | - | ||||
| Greece | 3 | 11.0 (2.0-26.0) | 95.2 | NE | - | ||||
| Italy | 10 | 24.0 (13.0-37.0) | 97.1 | 7 | 21.0 (10.0-61.0) | 99.5 | |||
| Spain | 12 | 12.0 (4.0-23.0) | 97.7 | 8 | 6.0 (1.0-14.0) | 96.7 | |||
| Portugal | 7 | 2.0 (1.0-4.0) | 70.1 | 4 | 11.0 (2.0-26.0) | 96.7 | |||
| Brazil | 17 | 8.0 (3.0-13.0) | 93.7 | 7 | 5.0 (1.0-11.0) | 85.3 | |||
| Diagnostic test | ELISA | 12 | 9.0 (5.0-13.0) | 87.8 | P<0.001 | - | - | - | - |
| IHAT | 3 | 6.0 (2.0-10.0) | 97.5 | - | - | - | |||
| IFAT | 30 | 11.0 (6.0-17.0) | 97.7 | - | - | - | |||
| IFAT, ELISA | 6 | 11.0 (7.0-16.0) | 97.5 | - | - | - | |||
| WB | 3 | 14.0 (9.0-20.0) | 96.6 | - | - | - | |||
| DAT | 9 | 10.0 (3.0-19.0) | 94.9 | - | - | - | |||
| PCR | 12 | 7.0 (3.0-14.0) | 93.5 | - | - | - | |||
| Breed of cat | Stray | 22 | 10.0 (6.0-14.0) | 95.2 | 0.46 | 7 | 2.0 (0.0-5.0) | 90.5 | P<0.001 |
| Domestic | 17 | 7.0 (2.0-16.0) | 97.6 | 9 | 8.0 (1.0-19.0) | 96.8 | |||
| Mixed | 13 | 15.0 (8.0-24.0) | 95.6 | 16 | 23.0 (4.0-50.0) | 99.4 | |||
| Leishmania species | L. infantum | 36 | 12.0 (8.0-17.0) | 95.4 | 0.09 | 23 | 8.0 (4.0-14.0) | 95.9 | P<0.001 |
| Leishmania spp. | 25 | 8.0 (4.0- 14.0) | 96.7 | 9 | 15.0 (.5.0-48.0) | 99.4 | |||
| L. infantum, L. tropica | 2 | 10.0 (8.0-12.0) | 97.1 | 2 | 1.0 (0.0-1.0) | - | |||
NR=not reported, NE= not enough studies