Table. Characteristics of Patients in the Study Cohorts.
| Characteristics | No. (%) | P Value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Patients With HFpEF (n = 52) | Healthy Control Participants (n = 52) | Control Participants With Risk Factors Only (n = 52) | ||
| Age, mean (SD), y | 57 (15) | 52 (6) | 52 (9) | .05 |
| Male | 33 (63) | 33 (63) | 33 (63) | >.99 |
| Race/ethnicity | ||||
| White | 30 (58) | 30 (58) | 29 (56) | .75 |
| Black | 10 (19) | 11 (21) | 7 (13) | |
| Hispanic | 8 (15) | 11 (21) | 16 (31) | |
| Asian | 4 (8) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | |
| BMI, mean (SD) | 29 (5.9) | 24.4 (2.9) | 34 (4.7) | <.001 |
| Normal (≤24.9) | 13 (25) | 28 (54) | 2 (4) | |
| Overweight (25-29.9) | 20 (38) | 24 (46) | 9 (17) | |
| Obese (≥30) | 19 (37) | 0 (0) | 41 (79) | |
| Hypertension | 29 (57) | 0 (0) | 15 (29) | <.001 |
| Diabetes | 5 (10) | 0 (0) | 14 (27) | <.001 |
| Chronic kidney disease | 5 (10) | NA | NA | NA |
| Left ventricular ejection fraction, mean (SD) % | 58 (7.1) | NA | NA | NA |
| cBIN1 score, median (IQR) | 1.85 (1.51-2.28) |
−0.03 (−0.48 to 0.41) |
−0.08 (−0.75 to 0.42) |
<.001 |
| NT-proBNP level, median (IQR), ln(pg/mL) | 277 (99-1264) | 36 (19-72) | 21 (13-43) | <.001 |
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index (calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared); HFpEF, heart failure with preserved ejection fraction; IQR, interquartile range; NA, not applicable; NT-proBNP, N-terminal prohormone of brain natriuretic peptide.