Table 3.
Median cost, in pence sterling per 100 g*, of gluten-free foods and percentage difference in cost between gluten-free (GF) and gluten-containing (GC) foods in regular and premium supermarkets
| Food categories | Premium Supermarkets |
Regular Supermarkets |
Budget | Health food stores | Online stores | Median (IQR) % difference Premium |
between GF and GC*
Regular |
P values |
| White bread loaf | 65 (61–68)†
‡
§
n=10 |
57 (52–60)†
¶
**
n=10 |
105 n=1 |
151 (150–156)‡
¶
††
n=6 |
74 (65–144)§
**
††
n=10 |
273 (79–467) | 495 (457–565) | 0.077 |
| Brown bread loaf | 69 (66–72)†
‡
n=10 |
55 (46–67)†
¶
**
n=7 |
56 n=1 |
107 (106–112)‡
¶
††
n=6 |
76 (65–86)**
††
n=10 |
255 (187–324) | 400 (400–800) | 0.014 |
| White Bread rolls | 92 (90–93)†
‡
n=10 |
67 (66–76)†
¶
**
n=10 |
- | 150 (150–152)‡
¶
††
n=6 |
94 (81–127)**
††
n=10 |
300 (210–389) | 393 (363–578) | 0.134 |
| Brown bread rolls | 103 (96–103)†
‡
n=7 |
86 (70–97)†
¶
**
n=10 |
70 n=1 |
150 (153–152)‡
¶
††
n=6 |
102 (91–147)**
††
n=10 |
281 231–281) | 536 (450–650) | 0.001 |
| Flaked breakfast cereal | 92 (92–92) n=5 |
81 (66–85) n=10 |
65 n=1 |
69 (69–78) n=10 |
100 (66–119) n=10 |
109 (109–117) | 54 (51–181) | 0.812 |
| Cereal bars | 176 (172–257) n=10 |
164 (62–182)¶
**
n=10 |
206 n=1 |
231 (231–236)¶
n=7 |
232 (184–294)**
n=9 |
34 (30–78) | 26 (−49–40) | 0.289 |
| Pasta | 50 (40–59)‡
§
n=10 |
34 (26–65)¶
**
n=10 |
32 n=1 |
126 (117–130)‡
¶
n=10 |
93 (72–111)§
††
n=10 |
−12 (−21–15) | 58 (38–227) | 0.004 |
| Plain flour | 29 (18–40)†
n=10 |
17(17-17)†
¶
n=10 |
- | 43 (25–51)¶
n=5 |
19 (17–44) n=10 |
38 (−32–100) | 198 (55–398) | 0.160 |
| Crackers/crispbreads | 211 (160–259)†
‡
n=10 |
118 (101–191)†
**
n=10 |
179 n=1 |
58 (58–170)‡
††
n=9 |
239 (146–294)**
††
n=10 |
110 (84–123) | 108 (50–313) | 0.002 |
| Sweet biscuits | 139 (139–141)†
‡
n=5 |
110 (75–130)†
¶
**
n=10 |
93 n=1 |
172 (158–172)‡
¶
n=7 |
189 (126–234)**
n=10 |
124 (124–128) | 84 (19–277) | 0.108 |
| Whole sponge cake | 110 (80-82)§
n=5 |
84 (66–91)**
n=10 |
- | 106 n=1 |
177 (100–220)§
**
n=7 |
27 (25–33) | 38 (11–61) | 0.176 |
*Cost for each food was calculated as the mean cost cheapest and most expensive for each store. The Median values (inter-quartile range) are presented for each store type. Data is non-parametric, Kruskal-Wallis analysis undertaken to determine difference between store types; a significant difference between groups was observed for all food categories (P<0.05), except flaked breakfast cereals and oats. Mann Whitney tests to compared between store categories, Significant difference (P<0.05) between
†premium and regular supermarkets,
‡premium and health food stores,
§premium and online stores,
¶regular supermarkets and health food stores,
**regular supermarkets and online stores,
††health food stores and online stores. Convenience stores did not stock any of the GF foods surveyed. Sandwiches and wraps only one option available from two regular supermarkets.