Figure 7.
Re-assessment of kinases and a phosphatase previously implicated in regulation of WCC activity, and a summary model for the role of phosphorylation in regulating WCC activity. A PKA and PP2A are not required for WCC circadian activity. WCC activity was monitored by frq C-box-luc in the Δpkac-1, Δpkac-2, and in the rgb-1RIP strain that is defective in PP2A activity on the WCC. B Working model for the role of phosphorylation in regulating WCC activity. In a circadian cycle, FRQ/FRH/CK1 promotes phosphorylation of key residues (red circles) on both WC-1 and WC-2 to repress WCC activity in the feedback loop of the core clock, and also induces phosphorylation near the ZnF region of WC-1 (purple circles) that acts to depress the circadian amplitude as an aid to enhance robustness of circadian outputs.