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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 May 20.
Published in final edited form as: Chem Res Toxicol. 2019 Mar 18;32(5):796–807. doi: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.9b00013

Table 1: Summary of the enzymatic regulators of NECMs.

Indicated in the table are all known enzymatic regulators of NECMs, listed with their functions, any associated cofactors, and disease relevance.

Eraser/Regulator Detoxifying Function Cofactor Disease correlation
SIRT2 Deacylation NAD Cancer
DJ-1 (PARK7) Deglycation
(GO and MGO)		 None Parkinson’s disease, cancer
FN3K Deglycation
(Glucose)		 ATP Cancer
Sulfiredoxin (SRX) Desulfination ATP Parkinson’s disease
Denitrosylase Denitrosylation None Innate immunity
PIMT Reverse the formation of isoaspartate SAM Cancer, Alzheimer’s
disease
GLO1 Scavenge MGO and GO GSH Anxiety, cancer
Formaldehyde dehydrogenase
(S-nitrosoglutathione reductase, GSNOR)		 Scavenge formaldehyde NAD Respiratory diseases (asthma)
Alcohol dehydrogenase
(ADH)		 Convert alcohol to aldehyde NAD Alcoholism, drug dependence
Aldehyde dehydrogenase
(ALDH)		 Convert aldehyde to carboxylic acid NAD Alcoholism, drug dependence, neurodegeneration
Aldo-keto reductase
(AKR)		 Convert aldehyde to alcohol NADPH Alcoholism, drug dependence, cancer