Table 2. Expected Casualty Status and Case-Fatality Rates in Afghanistan and Iraq With Early-Period Interventions Distributions Throughout vs Actual Casualty Status and Case-Fatality Rates.
| Intervention or Casualty Status by Conflict | Early Perioda | Late Periodb | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Observed | Expected | Observed | |
| Afghanistan | |||
| Intervention, No. | 1105 | NA | 20 792 |
| Tourniquet, % | 13.8 | NA | 32.1 |
| Blood transfusion, % | 6.5 | NA | 18.9 |
| Transport ≤60 min, % | 17.5 | NA | 72.1 |
| Casualty status | |||
| Killed in action | 12.5 | 8.1 | 5.9 |
| Died of wounds | 3.3 | 7.1 | 2.1 |
| Alive | 84.3 | 84.6 | 91.8 |
| Case-fatality rate | 15.7 | 15.4 | 8.2 |
| Iraq | |||
| Intervention, No. | 2683 | NA | 32 332 |
| Tourniquet, % | 2.3 | NA | 16.9 |
| Blood transfusion, % | 4.4 | NA | 10.8 |
| Transport ≤60 min, % | 66.0 | NA | 65.8 |
| Casualty status | |||
| Killed in action | 9.5 | 9.7 | 7.6 |
| Died of wounds | 2.0 | 6.9 | 2.4 |
| Alive | 88.5 | 83.4 | 90.1 |
| Case-fatality rate | 11.5 | 16.6 | 9.9 |
Abbreviation: NA, not applicable.
a
The early period is defined as October 2001 to June 2006 in Afghanistan and March 2003 to December 2003 in Iraq.
b
The late period is defined as July 2006 to December 2017 in Afghanistan and January 2004 to December 2017 in Iraq.