Table 1. Demographic Characteristics and Final Diagnoses in Patients With Uveitis.
| Characteristic | No. (%) | Level, Mean (SD) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Serum ACE, U/L | Serum sIL-2R, pg/mL | ||
| Total included patients | 249 (100) | 46 (27) | 4225 (2326) |
| Unilateral involvement | 87 (35) | 39 (22) | 4212 (2432) |
| Bilateral involvement | 162 (65) | 49 (28) | 4233 (2275) |
| Men | 88 (35) | 39 (24) | 4509 (2490) |
| Women | 161 (65) | 49 (28) | 4070 (2224) |
| Race | |||
| White | 191 (77) | 47 (28) | 4198 (2218) |
| Non-White | 58 (23) | 41 (22) | 4316 (2672) |
| Anatomical localization of uveitis | |||
| Anterior | 37 (15) | 44 (23) | 4373 (2585) |
| Intermediate | 21 (8) | 43 (20) | 4236 (2086) |
| Posterior | 77 (31) | 47 (25) | 3848 (2230) |
| Panuveitis | 103 (41) | 47 (32) | 4554 (2416) |
| Scleritis | 11 (4) | 36 (17) | 3257 (918) |
| Use of medication | |||
| Immunosuppressive medication | 89 (36) | 47 (27) | 3872 (2456) |
| ACE inhibitor | 16 (6) | 46 (27) | 4628 (1861) |
| Activity of uveitis | |||
| Active uveitis | 152 (61) | 46 (28) | 4430 (2474) |
| Remission of uveitis | 97 (39) | 45 (25) | 3905 (2045) |
| Associated with systemic disease | 77 (31) | 48 (32) | 4823 (2502) |
| Sarcoidosis, total | 37/77 (48) | 61 (38) | 6047 (2533) |
| Definitive sarcoidosis | 23/77 (30) | 55 (27) | 5521 (2232) |
| Presumed sarcoidosis | 14/77 (18) | 70 (51) | 6911 (2835) |
| Multiple sclerosis | 13/77 (17) | 37 (18) | 3487 (1431) |
| HLA-B27–associated uveitis | 10/77 (13) | 37 (23) | 4460 (2465) |
| VKH syndrome | 4/77 (5) | 28 (11) | 2834 (1694) |
| Miscellaneousa | 13/77 (17) | 35 (22) | 3569 (1847) |
| Infectious uveitis | 50 (20) | 37 (19) | 4268 (2011) |
| Rubella virus | 16/50 (32) | 30 (14) | 3915 (1885) |
| Toxoplasmosis | 12/50 (24) | 39 (21) | 3378 (1654) |
| Cytomegalovirus | 7/50 (14) | 37 (23) | 4537 (1611) |
| Varicella-zoster virus | 7/50 (14) | 50 (26) | 5386 (1778) |
| Miscellaneousb | 8/50 (16) | 36 (15) | 5092 (2780) |
| Established clinical entity | 47 (19) | 44 (23) | 3738 (2442) |
| BSCR | 25/47 (53) | 49 (26) | 2980 (1174) |
| Masquerade syndromec | 9/47 (19) | 43 (22) | 5741 (3701) |
| APMPE | 3/47 (6) | 38 (13) | 5184 (4180) |
| Miscellaneousd | 10/47 (21) | 38 (16) | 3395 (2076) |
| Unknowne | 75 (30) | 50 (27) | 3889 (2163) |
| IGRA-positive | 20/75 (27) | 50 (30) | 4147 (2292) |
| IGRA-negative or not performed | 55/75 (73) | 50 (25) | 3717 (2081) |
Abbreviations: ACE, angiotensin-converting enzyme; APMPE, acute posterior multifocal placoid pigment epitheliopathy; BSCR, birdshot chorioretinopathy; CMV, cytomegalovirus; FHUS, Fuchs heterochromic uveitis syndrome; IBD, inflammatory bowel disease; IGRA, interferon-γ release assay; sIL-2R, soluble interleukin 2 receptor; VKH, Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada.
SI conversion factor: To convert ACE to nanokatals per liter, multiply by 16.667.
Includes granulomatosis with polyangiitis (n = 3), juvenile idiopathic arthritis (n = 2), Sjögren disease (n = 1), IBD (n = 1), polychondritis (n = 1), morphea (n = 1), Kikuchi disease (n = 1), Behçet disease (n = 1), ankylosing spondylitis (n = 1), and giant cell arteritis (n = 1).
Includes herpes simplex virus (n = 3), HIV (n = 1), tuberculosis (n = 1), Staphylococcus aureus (n = 1), Streptococcus pneumoniae (n = 1), and Aspergillus niger (n = 1).
Includes lymphoma (n = 7), retinitis pigmentosa (n = 1), and uveitis suspected to be caused by intravesical bacille Calmette-Guérin immunotherapy for bladder cancer (n = 1).
Includes Fuchs heterochromic uveitis syndrome (n = 3), ampiginous choroiditis (n = 2), sympathetic ophthalmia (n = 2), acute zonal occult outer retinopathy (n = 1), presumed ocular histoplasmosis syndrome (n = 1), and posttraumatic uveitis (n = 1).
In 10 patients with uveitis of unknown cause, no IGRA test was performed.