Table 3.
Moderated Mediation Model of the Associations between Child Maltreatment, Delayed Reward Discounting, Substance Use, and HRV Reactivity (N = 225)
Paths | B (SE) | β | 95%CI of B |
---|---|---|---|
Direct effects | |||
CM (T1) → DRD (T1) | .580 (.230) | .177 | [.129, 1.030]* |
DRD (T1) → Alcohol (T2) | .011 (.117) | .009 | [−.219, .241] |
ΔHRV (T1) → Alcohol (T2) | −.049 (.107) | −.042 | [−.259, .160] |
CM (T1) → Alcohol (T2) | −.693 (.413) | −.178 | [−1.503, .117] |
DRD (T1) → Drug (T2) | .158 (.111) | .124 | [−.059, .375] |
ΔHRV (T2) → Drug (T2) | .005 (.116) | .004 | [−.223, .233] |
CM (T1) → Drug (T2) | −.206 (.364) | −.050 | [−.920, .507] |
Interaction Effects (small, medium, large magnitudes) | |||
Small DRD | |||
ΔHRV × DRD → Alcohol (T2) | .209 (.099) | .168 | [.014, .404]* |
ΔHRV × DRD → Drug (T2) | −.082 (.101) | −.062 | [−.280, .115] |
Medium DRD | |||
ΔHRV × DRD → Alcohol (T2) | .07 (.11) | .05 | [−.14, .27] |
ΔHRV × DRD → Drug (T2) | −.23 (.12) | −.15 | [−.47, .01] |
Large DRD | |||
ΔHRV × DRD → Alcohol (T2) | .06 (.11) | .04 | [−.16, .28] |
ΔHRV × DRD → Drug (T2) | −.20 (.13) | −.14 | [−.46, .06] |
Conditional Indirect Effect (small DRD) | |||
CM → ΔHRV × DRD → Alcohol (T2) | .121 (.078) | .030 | [.001, .302]* |
CM → ΔHRV × DRD → Drug (T2) | −.048 (.066) | −.011 | [−.196, .070 |
Covariates | |||
Alcohol (T1)→ Alcohol (T2) | 1.093 (.243) | .457 | [.616, 1.570]*** |
Drug (T1) → Drug (T2) | 1.494 (.258) | .590 | [.987, 2.000]*** |
Gender → DRD (T1) | −.150 (.144) | −.077 | [−.432, .132] |
Gender → Alcohol (T2) | −.210 (.244) | −.090 | [−.687, .267] |
Gender → Drug (T2) | −.166 (.252) | −.067 | [−.660, .327] |
Age → DRD (T1) | .022 (.031) | .048 | [−.039, .082] |
Age → Alcohol (T2) | −.094 (.056) | −.177 | [−.204, .017] |
Age → Drug (T2) | −.013 (.057) | −.023 | [−.126, .099] |
FIncome → DRD (T1) | .003 (.006) | .043 | [−.010, .016] |
FIncome → Alcohol (T2) | −.008 (.011) | −.097 | [−.030, .014] |
FIncome → Drug (T2) | .012 (.009) | .133 | [−.006, .029] |
Note. N = 225; DRD = Delayed reward discounting small logK value; T1 = Time 1; T2 = Time 2; SE = Standard error. CI = Confidence interval; CM = Childhood maltreatment experiences; ΔHRV = HRV Residualized Change Score; Alcohol = Alcohol use problems; Drug = Drug use problems; FIncome = Family annual income. Gender was coded as 1 for male and 2 for female. Model fit is acceptable: χ2 (63) = 85.94 (p < .05). CFI = .93, WRMR = .82, RMSEA = .04.
p < .05;
p < .01;
p < .001;