. 2019 Feb 27;154(6):530–538. doi: 10.1001/jamasurg.2018.5840

Table 3. Odds of Severe Complications Before (Group 1) or After (Group 2) Introduction of MIRS.

Procedure and Group	Unadjusted OR (95% CI)	Adjusted OR (95% CI)
Overall
Group 1	1.18 (0.96-1.46)	1.39 (1.11-1.74)^a
Group 2	1 [Reference]	1 [Reference]
TAH
Group 1	0.64 (0.49-0.84)	0.79 (0.59-1.06)^a
Group 2	1 [Reference]	1 [Reference]
MIS
Group 1	1.31 (0.82-2.09)	1.42 (0.85-2.37)^a
Group 2	1 [Reference]	1 [Reference]
Group 2
TAH	3.16 (2.20-4.56)	3.87 (2.52-5.93)^b
MILS	1.32 (0.83-2.11)	1.50 (0.99-2.27)^b
MIRS	1 [Reference]	1 [Reference]

Abbreviations: MILS, minimally invasive laparoscopic surgery; MIRS, minimally invasive robotic surgery; MIS, minimally invasive surgery; OR, odds ratio; TAH, total abdominal hysterectomy.

^{^a}

Adjusted for age, lymphadenectomy, histopathologic risk, American Society of Anesthesiologists score, intra-abdominal adhesions, and body mass index. The stratified comparison of MIS was underpowered for the adjustments because women in MIS group 1 were highly selected and the number of complications was low (n = 24).

^{^b}

Adjusted for age, lymphadenectomy, American Society of Anesthesiologists score, body mass index, socioeconomic status, and surgical year. The analysis model was not influenced significantly by histopathologic risk, intra-abdominal adhesions, or smoking status.