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. 2019 Jun 20;6:21. doi: 10.1186/s40580-019-0190-5

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.

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Fig. 7 — 1D Photonic crystals for mechanochromic applications a Structural color from morpho butterfly wings. b Morpho ridges and lamella structures with alternating layers of air and natural material. c 1D photonic crystals with a PS-b-P2VP block copolymer. d Mechanochromic color changes of the block copolymer as a function of compression. e Block copolymer embedded PDMS elastomer changes color from red to blue by applied stretch. f Lamella structure of poly(dodecyl glycidyl itaconate) lipid bilayer/poly acrylamide hydrogel. g Mechanochromic demonstration of the hydrogel

(Figure reproduced from a [53], Copyright 2003, Springer Nature; b [54], Copyright 2017, Springer Nature; c, d [59], Copyright 2011 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA; e [62], Copyright 2018, The Author(s), f,g [65], Copyright 2011, American Chemical Society)