Extracellular ubiquitin promotes the expression of markers associated with tumor metastasis and proliferation in lung tissues of tumor-bearing mice. (A) B16 melanoma cells (5×105) were inoculated into the tail vein of mice. Then, the tail vein was infused with normal saline, D0, D0+320 ng, and D0+3 200 ng (200 ul each time for three consecutive times at 24-hour intervals; n=6, each group). Mice were sacrificed on the 21st day after tumor inoculation, and mice lung tissues were harvested. The expression levels of HMB-45, MMP-9, VEGF and Ki-67 were detected by immunohistochemistry (original magnification, ×200; scale bar=100µm). (B) The expression levels of MMP-9 and VEGF in lung tissues of tumor-bearing mice on the 21st day after tumor inoculation. Data from three independent experiments were expressed as mean ± standard error of the mean (SEM). Compared with the control group, * represents a P-value of <0.05, ** represents a P-value of <0.01, *** represents a P-value of <0.001; compared with the D0 group, # represents a P-value of <0.05, ## represents a P-value of <0.01.