Figure 2.

Summary of the pooled effect estimates and certainty of evidence of prospective cohort studies assessing the association between vegetarian dietary patterns and major cardiovascular outcomes. Pooled risk estimate is represented by the diamond. Values of I² ≥ 50% indicate substantial heterogeneity (18). Values > 1.0 indicate an adverse association. The Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) of prospective cohort studies are rated as “Low” certainty of evidence and can be downgraded by 5 domains and upgraded by 3 domains. The filled black squares indicate downgrade and/or upgrades for each outcome. CHD, coronary heart disease; CI, confidence interval; CVD, cardiovascular disease; NA, not applicable.