Table 1. Physiological Consequences of Tissue-Specific Bmal1 Deletion.
| Tissue Bmal1 deleted / Cre Driver | Key Results | References |
| Retina / CHX10-Cre | ERG b-wave rhythm was lost | Storch et al. (2007) [62] |
| Liver / Albumin-Cre | Hypoglycemia during fasting phase | Lamia et al. (2008) [63] |
| Liver / Albumin-Cre | Increased expression of lipoprotein lipase mRNA | Shimba et al. (2011) [81] |
| Pancreatic islet / PDX1-Cre | Impaired glucose tolerance / hyperglycemia | Marcheva et al. (2010) [65] |
| Pancreatic islet / PDX-CreER* | Impaired glucose tolerance / hyperglycemia / hypoinsulinemia | Perelis et al. (2015) [66] |
| Adipocyte / adipocyte protein 2-Cre or adiponectin-Cre | Obese / reduced amplitude of food intake rhythm / reduced energy expenditure | Paschos et al. (2012) [82] |
| Skeletal muscle / muscle creatine kinase-Cre | No phenotype | Shimba et al. (2011) [81] |
| Skeletal muscle / human skeletal actin-MerCreMer* | Disrupted glucose metabolism / hyperglycemia in non-fasting / glucose intolerance / altered body composition / increased amount of non-REM sleep | Hodge et al. (2015) [83] Harfmann et al. (2016) [64] Ehlen et al. (2017) [70] |
| Cardiomyocyte / αMHC-Cre | Shortened life span / accelerated age-dependent-dilated cardiomyopathy | Young et al. (2014) [67] Ingle et al. (2015) [84] |
| Smooth muscle / SM22α-Cre | Reduced amplitude blood pressure rhythms | Xie et al. (2015) [85] |
| Perivascular adipose tissue (Brown adipocyte) / UCP1-Cre | Reduced blood pressure during resting phase | Chang et al. (2018) [86] |
| Adrenal / MC2R# | No alteration corticosterone rhythm under light-dark cycle, but amplitude of rhythm is diminished under constant darkness | Son et al. (2008) [87] |
| Adrenal / aldosterone synthase-Cre | No alteration in corticosterone rhythm under regular light-dark cycle (12:12) | Engeland et al., (2018) [88] |
| Renal tubular cell / Pax8-rtTA/LC1φ | Small kidney size / increased plasma urea level | Nikolaeva et al. (2016) [89] |
| Ovarian steroidogenic cell / SF1-Cre | Impaired uterine implantation / worsened fertility | Liu et al. (2014) [68] |
| Ovarian theca cell / Cyp17-Cre | Abolished daily rhythm of oocyte release in response to eLH / small litter size (subfertile) | Mereness et al. (2016) [69] |
| Ovarian granulosa cell / Cyp19-Cre | No abnormality was observed | Mereness et al. (2016) [69] |
| Pituitary gonadotrope cell / GnRHR-internal ribosome entry site-Cre | Increased estrous cycle length variability / no changes in litter size | Chu et al. (2013) [90] |
| Myeloid / LysM-Cre | Increased size of atherosclerotic lesion in Apoe-/- background | Huo et al. (2017) [91] |
*tamoxifen inducible; #knockdown by Bmal1 antisense; φdoxycycline inducible