Figure 5.

Autophagy contributes to the formation of antigenic peptides in antigen‐presenting cells (APCs). Professional APCs, such as dendritic cells and macrophages, display antigenic peptides in the context of major histocompatibility complex class 1 (MHC‐I) or MHC‐II molecules to T‐cells, which will trigger an immune response. Autophagy reduces MHC‐I surface levels, which is converted upon autophagy inhibition. However, autophagy is also required for the generation of antigenic peptides. The inhibition of autophagy will therefore skew the peptidome, yielding less diversity In the antigens presented to T‐cells. Indeed autophagy, inhibition limits T‐cell activation by APCs [Color figure can be viewed at wileyonlinelibrary.com]