Table 2:
Baseline Characteristics of the Latin American Validation Cohort
| Characteristic | Overall Cohort (n=150) |
High ICP Group* (n=65) |
Normal ICP Group (N=85) |
P Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, median (IQR) | 28 (21–44) | 25 (20–34) | 31 (22–48) | 0.009 |
| Female sex, no. (%) | 12 (8) | 4 (6.2) | 8 (9.4) | 0.55 |
| Initial GCS Score, median (IQR) | 7 (5–9) | 7 (6–9) | 7 (5–9) | 0.69 |
| Initial Motor GCS Score, median (IQR) | 5 (3–5) | 4 (3–5) | 5 (3–5) | 0.91 |
| Pupillary symmetry$ on admission, no. (%) | 0.37 | |||
| Normal | 109 (72.6) | 51 (78.5) | 58 (68.2) | |
| Asymmetrical | 36 (24) | 12 (18.5) | 24 (28.2) | |
| Unknown | 5 (3.3) | 2 (3.1) | 3 (3.5) | |
| Pupillary reactivity^ on admission, no. (%) | 0.05 | |||
| Normal | 71 (47.3) | 24 (36.9) | 47(55.2) | |
| Abnormal | 42 (28) | 24 (36.9) | 18 (21.2) | |
| Unknown | 37 (24.7) | 17 (26.2) | 20 (23.5) | |
| Marshall Classification on initial CT, no. (%) | <0.0001 | |||
| Diffuse injury II | 21 (14) | 13 (20) | 8 (9.4) | |
| Diffuse injury III | 70 (46.7) | 40 (60.5) | 30 (35.3) | |
| Diffuse injury IV | 9 (6) | 6 (9.2) | 3 (3.5) | |
| Evacuated mass lesion | 48 (32) | 4 (6.2) | 44 (51.8) | |
| Non-evacuated mass lesion | 2 (1.3) | 2 (3.1) | 0 (0) | |
ICP: intracranial pressure; IQR: interquartile range; GCS: Glasgow Coma Scale
*
High ICP was defined as Intracranial pressure of >22 mmHg at any point during monitoring prior to any neurosurgical intervention
$
Pupillary asymmetry was defined as a difference in diameter between the two pupils of more than 1 mm
^
Abnormal pupillary response was defined as lack of reactivity to light in one or both pupils.