. 2019 Jun 20;9:8883. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-45037-x

Table 3.

Mouse Antibody Array Glass Chip: Expression of GFs in spinal cord tissue lysates 24 h and seven days (D7) post SAL and DHA treatment.

Growth Factor	Function	SAL 24 h/Naive	DHA 24 h/Naive	SAL D7/Naive	DHA D7/Naïve
bFGF	basic fibroblast growth factor, present in the subendothelial extracellular matrix of blood vessels and involved in angiogenesis process	15,01 ± 1,56 p = 0,0007	2,04 ± 0,29 p = 0,0144	11,26 ± 2,84 p < 0.0001	2,89 ± 0,96 p = 0,0198
EGF	epidermal growth factor, plays an important role in regulating the growth, proliferation and cellular differentiation by binding to its receptor EGFR	2,10 ± 0,25 p = 0,0163	1,8 ± 0,30 p = 0.0269	2,67 ± 0,82 p = 0,0139	2,65 ± 0,37 p = 0,0037
IGF-I	insulin-like growth factor I, produced primarily by the liver as an endocrine hormone as well as in target tissues in a paracrine/autocrine fashion. Production is stimulated by growth hormone (GH)	6,46 ± 1,33 p < 0,0001	1,71 ± 0,44 p = 0,0589	8,13 ± 1,55 p < 0,0001	1,97 ± 0,93 p = 0,0678
IGF-II	insulin-like growth factor II, believed to be a major fetal growth factor in contrast to Insulin-like growth factor 1, which is a major growth factor in adults	2,25 ± 0,63 p = 0,0152	3,79 ± 1,56 p = 0,0468	3,93 ± 1,89 p = 0,1044	3,73 ± 0,43 p = 0,021
VEGF-A	Vascular endothelial growth factor A, dimeric glycoprotein that plays a significant role in neurons and is considered to be the main, dominant inducer to the growth of blood vessels	1,54 ± 0,46 p = 0,4027	1,76 ± 0,48 p = 0,0598	1,93 ± 0,60 p = 0,066	2,09 ± 0.56 p = 0,0192
VEGF R1	Vascular endothelial growth factor Receptor 1, thought to modulate VEGFR-2 signaling and to act as a dummy/decoy receptor, sequestering VEGF from VEGFR-2 binding	3,89 ± 0,81 p = 0,0002	1,75 ± 0,43 p = 0,0474	2,55 ± 0,90 p = 0,0426	2,01 ± 0,55 p = 0,0268
VEGF R2	Vascular endothelial growth factor Receptor 2, mediates almost all of the known cellular responses to VEGF	2,27 ± 0,36 p = 0,0061	1,74 ± 0,36 p = 0,0347	2,69 ± 1,16 p = 0,1113	2,39 ± 0,57 p = 0,0048
VEGF R3	Vascular endothelial growth factor Receptor 3, mediates lymphangiogenesis in response to VEGF-C and VEGF-D.s	1,87 ± 0.15 p = 0,0484	1,29 ± 0,15 p = 0,3351	2,58 ± 1,18 p = 0,1555	3,21 ± 0,52 p = 0,0009
VEGF-D	Vascular endothelial growth factor D, needed for the development of lymphatic vasculature surrounding lung bronchioles.	1,90 ± 0,32 p = 0,0185	1,66 ± 0,32 p = 0,0485	1,81 ± 0,60 p = 0,1152	1,89 ± 0,47 p = 0,0273
HGF	Hepatocyte growth factor, is secreted by mesenchymal cells and acts as a multi-functional cytokine on cells of mainly epithelial origin. HGF plays a central role in angiogenesis, tumorogenesis, and tissue regeneration.	2,54 ± 0,52 p = 0,0022	2,05 ± 0,51 p = 0,0161	2,16 ± 0,60 p = 0,019	2,20 ± 0,46 p = 0,0059

Growth Factor

Function

SAL 24 h/Naive

DHA 24 h/Naive

SAL D7/Naive

DHA D7/Naïve

bFGF

basic fibroblast growth factor, present in the subendothelial extracellular matrix of blood vessels and involved in angiogenesis process

15,01 ± 1,56

p = 0,0007

2,04 ± 0,29

p = 0,0144

11,26 ± 2,84

p < 0.0001

2,89 ± 0,96

p = 0,0198

EGF

epidermal growth factor, plays an important role in regulating the growth, proliferation and cellular differentiation by binding to its receptor EGFR

2,10 ± 0,25

p = 0,0163

1,8 ± 0,30

p = 0.0269

2,67 ± 0,82

p = 0,0139

2,65 ± 0,37

p = 0,0037

IGF-I

insulin-like growth factor I, produced primarily by the liver as an endocrine hormone as well as in target tissues in a paracrine/autocrine fashion. Production is stimulated by growth hormone (GH)

6,46 ± 1,33

p < 0,0001

1,71 ± 0,44

p = 0,0589

8,13 ± 1,55

p < 0,0001

1,97 ± 0,93

p = 0,0678

IGF-II

insulin-like growth factor II, believed to be a major fetal growth factor in contrast to Insulin-like growth factor 1, which is a major growth factor in adults

2,25 ± 0,63

p = 0,0152

3,79 ± 1,56

p = 0,0468

3,93 ± 1,89

p = 0,1044

3,73 ± 0,43

p = 0,021

VEGF-A

Vascular endothelial growth factor A, dimeric glycoprotein that plays a significant role in neurons and is considered to be the main, dominant inducer to the growth of blood vessels

1,54 ± 0,46

p = 0,4027

1,76 ± 0,48

p = 0,0598

1,93 ± 0,60

p = 0,066

2,09 ± 0.56

p = 0,0192

VEGF R1

Vascular endothelial growth factor Receptor 1, thought to modulate VEGFR-2 signaling and to act as a dummy/decoy receptor, sequestering VEGF from VEGFR-2 binding

3,89 ± 0,81

p = 0,0002

1,75 ± 0,43

p = 0,0474

2,55 ± 0,90

p = 0,0426

2,01 ± 0,55

p = 0,0268

VEGF R2

Vascular endothelial growth factor Receptor 2, mediates almost all of the known cellular responses to VEGF

2,27 ± 0,36

p = 0,0061

1,74 ± 0,36

p = 0,0347

2,69 ± 1,16

p = 0,1113

2,39 ± 0,57

p = 0,0048

VEGF R3

Vascular endothelial growth factor Receptor 3, mediates lymphangiogenesis in response to VEGF-C and VEGF-D.s

1,87 ± 0.15

p = 0,0484

1,29 ± 0,15

p = 0,3351

2,58 ± 1,18

p = 0,1555

3,21 ± 0,52

p = 0,0009

VEGF-D

Vascular endothelial growth factor D, needed for the development of lymphatic vasculature surrounding lung bronchioles.

1,90 ± 0,32

p = 0,0185

1,66 ± 0,32

p = 0,0485

1,81 ± 0,60

p = 0,1152

1,89 ± 0,47

p = 0,0273

HGF

Hepatocyte growth factor, is secreted by mesenchymal cells and acts as a multi-functional cytokine on cells of mainly epithelial origin. HGF plays a central role in angiogenesis, tumorogenesis, and tissue regeneration.

2,54 ± 0,52

p = 0,0022

2,05 ± 0,51

p = 0,0161

2,16 ± 0,60

p = 0,019

2,20 ± 0,46

p = 0,0059

Mean ± SE of the fold change values (n.3 values for each time point). P values were obtained with a Student’s t-test analysis.