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. 2019 Jun 20;9:8837. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-45311-y

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Blood levels of SCFAs in long-term MS (SPMS) patients versus healthy subjects. (A). Principle component analysis of the levels of 7 SCFAs determined by a targeted GC-MS approach. (B) A heatmap with Pearson correlation analysis for three major SCFAs. (C) Levels of SCFAs in the blood of SPMS patients and healthy control subjects. The data were obtained from the blood plasma of 15 healthy controls and 20 SPMS patients with comparable age ranges and male/female ratios. The boxplots display the 95% confidence intervals by Mann-Whitney test. P values are shown on top of each graph.