Table 2.

Summary of Beliefs and Attitudes and Message Design Opportunities.

Beliefs and attitudes	Message design opportunities
Barriers to recruitment
Distrust – of researchers, universities or health care organizations, science and medicine at large	simple 1. Establish relationship with community members prior to beginning research study and engage them in recruitment design efforts simple 2. Consider engaging African American community members, including other research participants and community health care workers, as the senders/disseminators of recruitment messages simple 3. Engage African American study team members as senders/disseminators of recruitment messages simple 4. Provide a clear description of study purpose, procedures, who will be able to access their data and privacy safeguards in place simple 5. Messages about the use of participant data should be clearly detailed simple 6. Describe how information from the study may impact health care for the African American population simple 7. Any and all forms of compensation should be clearly described in any study asking for participants’ time, including travel time
Lack of Education – about research studies and genetics created less favorable attitudes about participation	simple 1. Outreach efforts should focus on providing more information about genomic studies more broadly simple 2. Delivering in-person education may be advantageous because researchers can address additional questions or concerns on the spot, and at the same time engage with and learn from the population simple 3. Combine educational messages with messages that describe use of data and standard privacy protections that are in place simple 4. Messages should provide detailed information about research purpose, processes and outcomes
Facilitators of recruitment
Participation – beliefs that African American participation is necessary and essential	simple 1. Messages should emphasize the importance of African American participation for their community simple 2. When appropriate, messages should describe any potential individual level benefit from participation in the study simple 3. When appropriate, messages should describe any potential future benefit to family members simple 4. When appropriate, messages should describe any potential future benefit for the African American community simple 5. Messages about altruism should be included in recruitment efforts