Table 2.

Odds ratios describing the association between HTR status and optimal ART adherence, categorized by subgroups

Subgroup	Number of measures of correlation	OR	95% CI		Tests for heterogeneity		Tests for interaction
					P Value (Q Statistic)	I2 (%)	OR	95% CI		P value
Study design
Cohort	18	0.54	0.45	0.65	0.00	58.3	0.98	0.77	1.25	0.88
Cross-sectional	14	0.55	0.47	0.64	0.00	31.4
Adherence threshold/cut-off point (%)
100	13	0.56	0.46	0.67	0.00	52.1	–
≥ 95	12	0.52	0.42	0.66	0.00	54.1
< 95	7	0.55	0.43	0.71	0.00	47.9
Adherence measure
Self-reporting	22	0.56	0.49	0.64	0.00	42.2	–
Pharmacy refill	9	0.47	0.35	0.64	0.00	64.1
Self-reporting & pill count	1	0.72	0.53	0.97	0.03	–
Region/country
USA	16	0.58	0.50	0.68	0.00	38.5	–
Canada	9	0.44	0.34	0.58	0.00	51.7
Others	7	0.60	0.47	0.78	0.00	58.5
Observational period
≥ 6 months	11	0.44	0.35	0.56	0.00	44.3	0.72	0.55	0.94	0.02
< 6 months	21	0.61	0.53	0.69	0.00	41.5
Quality assessment results
High	18	0.57	0.48	0.67	0.00	53.2	1.1	0.85	1.42	0.48
Moderate	14	0.52	0.44	0.65	0.00	41.3

The number of studies was 29, but the number of measures of correlation was 32