Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of study subjects
| BBR (n = 30) | Control (n = 15) | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | |||
| Age (years) | 64.7 ± 7.1 | 68.4 ± 11.7 | 0.067 |
| Male, n (%) | 81.5 | 55.6 | 0.094 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 25.3 ± 5.0 | 24.3 ± 2.7 | 0.602 |
| Medical history, n (%) | |||
| Family history of CAD | 81.5 | 50 | 0.047* |
| Hypertension | 74.1 | 61.1 | 0.512 |
| Diabetes | 25.9 | 27.8 | 1.000 |
| Smoking | 51.9 | 22.2 | 0.065 |
| History of PCI/CABG | 22.2 | 5.6 | 0.215 |
| Baseline medications, n (%) | |||
| Aspirin | 48.1 | 38.9 | 0.760 |
| Beta‐blocker | 33.3 | 22.2 | 0.514 |
| Calcium‐channel blocker | 40.7 | 22.2 | 0.333 |
| ACE inhibitors/ARBs | 48.1 | 33.3 | 0.371 |
| Statin | 44.4 | 22.2 | 0.204 |
| Hypoglycemic agent/insulin | 29.6 | 27.8 | 1.000 |
| Biological test | |||
| TC (mmol/L) | 3.95 ± 0.98 | 4.32 ± 1.06 | 0.228 |
| TG (mmol/L) | 1.68 ± 0.81 | 1.98 ± 1.39 | 0.763 |
| LDL (mg/dl) | 2.12 ± 0.69 | 2.30 ± 0.70 | 0.330 |
| HDL (mg/dl) | 1.04 ± 0.22 | 1.11 ± 0.24 | 0.411 |
| Glucose (mmol/L) | 5.62 ± 0.97 | 6.03 ± 1.61 | 0.643 |
| hsCRP (mg/L) | 5.70 ± 15.85 | 5.67 ± 13.52 | 0.233 |
| ALT (U/L) | 21.15 ± 12.52 | 23.81 ± 14.11 | 0.190 |
| AST (U/L) | 22.78 ± 14.82 | 26.17 ± 9.73 | 0.060 |
| BUN (mg/dl) | 5.32 ± 1.38 | 5.63 ± 1.88 | 0.754 |
| Cr (mmol/L) | 74.92 ± 16.95 | 67.82 ± 15.98 | 0.539 |
| eGFR (60 ml/min/1.73 m2) | 93.08 ± 23.37 | 90.72 ± 22.01 | 0.963 |
| Uric acid (mmol/24 hr) | 385.31 ± 80.88 | 351.52 ± 86.47 | 0.183 |
| TnT (ng/ml) | 1.63 ± 6.48 | 0.64 ± 2.42 | 0.770 |
| proBNP (ng/L) | 335.95 ± 1054.60 | 504.25 ± 678.97 | 0.336 |
| CAG details | |||
| Gensini score | 42.70 ± 28.76 | 33.28 ± 20.34 | 0.261 |
| Number of stents | 1.52 ± 0.64 | 1.39 ± 0.61 | 0.469 |
Note. Continuous variables were reported as mean ± SD. Dichotomous variables were reported as percentages. Continuous variables were compared using the Wilcoxon signed‐rank test (two‐tailed). Dichotomous variables were compared with the χ2 test (two‐sided) or Fisher's exact test.
ACE: angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors; ALT: alanine aminotransferase; ARB: angiotensin receptor blockers; AST: aminotransferase; BBR: berberine; BMI: body mass index; BUN: blood urea nitrogen; CABG: coronary artery bypass grafting; CAD: coronary artery disease; CAG: coronary angiography; Cr: creatinine; eGFR: estimated glomerular filtration rate; HDL: high‐density lipoprotein; hsCRP: hypersensitive C‐reactive protein; LDL: low‐density lipoprotein; PCI: percutaneous coronary intervention; proBNP: pro‐B‐type natriuretic peptide; TC: total cholesterol; TG: triglycerides; TnT: troponin T.