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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Jun 21.
Published in final edited form as: Ageing Soc. 2017 Jul 10;38(11):2325–2355. doi: 10.1017/S0144686X17000599

Table 4.

Mean/Proportion and Standard Deviation for Selected Independent Variables 1994-2012

1994 1998 2002 2005 2012

(N=2,279) (N=1,989) (N=2,102) (N=2,018) (N=1,815)
Presence of Spouse (Yes=1, No=0) 90.35% 88.08% 85.01% 84.04% 73.28%
Presence of Grandchild (Yes=1, No=0) 8.34% 13.52% 20.41% 30.38% 57.91%
Presence of Child (Yes=1, No=0) 99.52% 99.55% 98.33% 97.57% 90.19%
Presence of Parent (Yes=1, No=0) 9.83% 7.19% 7.09% 6.05% 3.69%
Presence of Other Person (Yes=1, No=0) 22.38% 17.70% 16.13% 13.53% 13.06%
Rural (Yes=1, No=0) 27.47% 28.41% 28.54% 26.66% 26.72%
Education (Years) 7.341 7.445 7.290 7.306 7.278
(3.837) (3.900) (3.824) (3.799) (3.820)
Age 37.971 41.940 45.157 47.867 55.121
(6.129) (6.129) (6.152) (6.081) (5.948)

Source: Cebu Longitudinal Health and Nutrition Survey (CLHNS)