Table 3.
DM/DD, absence of physiological cupping and cup-to-disc ratio in children with Down syndrome vs. controls.
| Parameter | Down syndrome | Controls | P-value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Right eye | Left eye | Right eye | Left eye | ||
| DM/DD | 3.0 ± 0.45 (n = 47) a |
3.0 ± 0.44 (n = 44)a |
2.8 ± 0.31 (n = 52) |
2.8 ± 0.3 (N = 52) |
0.0036 |
| Absence of physiological cup | 26 (52%) (n = 50) |
23 (46%) (n = 50) |
19 (36.5%) (n = 52) |
21 (40.4%) (n = 52) |
0.25 |
| Cup-to-disc ratio | 0.2 ± 0.13 (n = 24)b |
0.2 ± 0.12 (n = 27)b |
0.3 ± 0.15 (n = 33)b |
0.3 ± 0.14 (n = 31)b |
0.018 |
DM/DD: disc-to-macula distance (DM) to disc diameter (DD) ratio.
a
DM/DD was unavailable for six patients (unilateral/bilateral), caused by the impossibility to precisely determine the disc margin or the foveal reflex.
b
Horizontal cup diameter-to-horizontal disc diameter ratio, calculated for those with physiological cupping.