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. 2019 Jun 14;10:1365. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.01365

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Copyright © 2019 Robben, Witte, Schoder, Stessl, Rossmanith and Mester.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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MIC determination for culturable and MAIC determination for VBNC L. monocytogenes. (A) MIC of benzalkonium chloride (BK) (blue dots) was assessed by the standard broth dilution procedure (MIC assay) and plate count method. MAIC (green dots) of BK for VBNC L. monocytogenes was determined by de novo ATP measurements (VBNC–MIC assay). The BacLight viability assay was used to validate the VBNC–MIC assay. (B) MIC and MAIC assessment of Amp. Scale bar: 50 μm.