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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Jun 21.
Published in final edited form as: Int J Impot Res. 2019 Jan 22;31(3):170–176. doi: 10.1038/s41443-019-0113-3

Fig 2. Low-intensity Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy Modulated Unfolded Protein Response (UPR).

Fig 2

IRE1a: inositol-requiring enzyme 1α; S1P: Sphingosine-1-phosphate; S2P: Sphingosine-2-phosphate; ATF: activated transcription factor; BiP: Immunoglobulin heavy-chain-binding protein; XBP1u: un-spliced X-box binding protein 1; XBP1s: spliced X-box binding protein 1; PERK: Protein kinase R-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase; eIF2: eukaryotic initiation factor 2