Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of the patients
| All (N = 60) | Concurrent (N = 38) | Sequential (N = 22) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 51.4 ± 12.7 | 52.3 ± 13.0 | 49.8 ± 12.3 | 0.462 |
| Male, n (%) | 45 (75) | 31 (82) | 14 (64) | 0.122 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 23.4 ± 4.0 | 23.5 ± 4.0 | 23.2 ± 4.1 | 0.898 |
| Etiology, n (%) | ||||
| CAD | 27 (45) | 18 (47) | 9 (41) | 0.628 |
| Cardiomoypathy | 19 (32) | 11 (29) | 8 (36) | 0.552 |
| VHD | 5 (8) | 3 (8) | 2 (9) | 1.000 |
| VHD + CAD | 2 (3) | 1 (3) | 1 (5) | 1.000 |
| Aortic disease | 3 (5) | 2 (5) | 1 (5) | 1.000 |
| CHD | 3 (5) | 2 (5) | 1 (5) | 1.000 |
| Hypertensive heart disease | 1 (2) | 1 (3) | 0 (0) | 1.000 |
| Complications, n (%) | ||||
| Hypertension | 20 (33) | 12 (32) | 8 (36) | 0.705 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 10 (17) | 7 (18) | 3 (14) | 0.732 |
| Dyslipidemia | 16 (27) | 10 (26) | 6 (27) | 0.936 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 11 (18) | 8 (21) | 3 (14) | 0.731 |
| Pulmonary arterial hypertension | 12 (20) | 7 (18) | 5 (23) | 0.744 |
| Current smoker, n (%) | 10 (17) | 6 (16) | 4 (18) | 0.811 |
| Myocardial infarction history, n (%) | 14 (23) | 6 (16) | 8 (36) | 0.112 |
| PreECMO cardiac arrest, n (%) | 15 (25) | 8 (21) | 7 (32) | 0.353 |
| LVEF, % | 45.3 ± 18.4 | 42.9 ± 19.0 | 49.5 ± 16.9 | 0.188 |
| NYHA class, n (%) | 0.102 | |||
| I | 13 (22) | 7 (18) | 6 (27) | |
| II | 15 (25) | 7 (18) | 8 (36) | |
| III | 23 (38) | 19 (50) | 4 (18) | |
| IV | 9 (15) | 5 (13) | 4 (18) | |
| Creatinine, μmol/L | 115.7 ± 108.8 | 94.0 ± 40.6 | 153.2 ± 167.4 | 0.117 |
| Total bilirubin, μmol/L | 28.7 ± 23.0 | 26.2 ± 14.2 | 33.1 ± 33.4 | 0.374 |
CAD, coronary artery disease; CHD, congenital heart disease; ECMO, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation; LVEF, left ventricle ejection fraction; NYHA, New York Heart Association classification; VHD, valvular heart disease.