. 2018 Oct 29;99(3):1434–1441. doi: 10.1002/jsfa.9347

Table 2.

Provitamin A carotenoids and carotenoid retention in four yellow cassava genotypes after different processing methods

Process type	Genotype	pVACs FW (µg g⁻¹ ± SD)^a	pVACs DW (µg g⁻¹ ± SD)^a	True retention (% ± SD)^a	Apparent retention (% ± SD)^a
Boiled	MVZ2011B/360	6.91 ± 0.21^a	25.63 ± 1.65^a	96.8 ± 4.5^a	102.6 ± 5.5^a
	MVZ2012/044	4.36 ± 0.18^c	19.43 ± 0.83^b	96.4 ± 5.2^a	98.0 ± 5.4^a
	Kindisa	5.80 ± 0.78^b	15.42 ± 2.01^c	93.2 ± 9.0^a	97.0 ± 8.4^a
	Vuvu	1.71 ± 0.19^d	3.90 ± 0.41^d	94.9 ± 6.6^a	98.4 ± 6.9^a
Chikangue	MVZ2011B/360	1.75 ± 0.62^a	6.73 ± 2.35^a	5.6 ± 0.9^b	26.3 ± 6.8^a
	MVZ2012/044	1.21 ± 0.24^a	4.28 ± 0.92^a	4.0 ± 0.4^b	21.6 ± 4.8^a
	Kindisa	1.50 ± 1.24^a	4.69 ± 3.90^ab	8.10 ± 6.2^b	28.8 ± 22.4^a
	Vuvu	0.39 ± 0.23^b	1.04 ± 0.62^b	18.1 ± 1.7^a	35.7 ± 4.7^a
Fufu	MVZ2011B/360	0.22 ± 0.17^ab	0.63 ± 0.47^b	1.8 ± 1.2^ab	2.5 ± 1.7^b
	MVZ2012/044	0.37 ± 0.13^a	1.11 ± 0.38^a	3.1 ± 1.4^a	5.6 ± 1.9^a
	Kindisa	0.08 ± 0.04^b	0.23 ± 0.11^b	0.8 ± 0.5^b	1.5 ± 0.7^b
	Vuvu	0.04 ± 0.03^b	0.13 ± 0.09^b	2.5 ± 1.7^ab	3.3 ± 2.3^b

Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences within columns for each process type (p < 0.05).

Values are average plus/minus standard deviation (SD) of three processing replicates. DW, dry weight basis; FW, fresh weight basis; pVACs, provitamin A carotenoids expressed as β‐carotene equivalents.