Table 2.
Factors Associated with the Diagnosis of Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy-Related Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome (N = 26)
| Factor | PML, n (%) | PML-IRIS, n (%) | OR (95% CI) | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Male gender | 11/15 (73.33) | 9/11 (81.82) | 1.64 (0.24–11.08) | 0.62 |
| Age >45 years | 8/15 (53.33) | 6/11 (54.55) | 1.05 (0.22 to 5.00) | 0.95 |
| CD4 ≤ 50 cells/μL | 9/15 (60.00) | 5/11 (45.45) | 0.56 (0.12–2.68) | 0.47 |
| HIV viral load >4.87 log10 copies/mLa | 9/15 (60.00) | 3/10 (30.00) | 0.29 (0.05–1.57) | 0.15 |
| ART regimen at the time of diagnosis | ||||
| INSTI | 5/15 (33.33) | 6/11 (54.55) | 2.40 (0.48–11.89) | 0.29 |
| PI | 12/15 (80.00) | 5/11 (45.45) | 0.21 (0.04–1.18) | 0.07 |
| Presenting neurological symptoms | ||||
| Motor weakness | 8/15 (53.33) | 10/11 (90.91) | 8.75 (0.88–86.60) | 0.04 |
| Cognitive dysfunction | 11/15 (73.33) | 4/11 (36.36) | 0.21 (0.04–1.11) | 0.06 |
| Dysarthria | 3/15 (11.54) | 8/11 (72.73) | 10.67 (1.71–66.72) | 0.01 |
| Ataxia | 3/15 (20.00) | 7/11 (63.64) | 7.00 (1.20–40.83) | 0.03 |
| Cranial nerve palsy | 1/15 (6.67) | 4/11 (36.36) | 8.00 (0.75–85.73) | 0.06 |
| Seizures | 4/15 (26.67) | 1/11 (9.09) | 0.28 (0.03–2.89) | 0.27 |
| Visual changes | 2/15 (13.33) | 1/11 (9.09) | 0.65 (0.05–8.23) | 0.74 |
a
4.87 log10 copies/mL, median viral load.
CI, confidence interval; OR, odds ratio.