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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Aug 17.
Published in final edited form as: Curr Top Membr. 2018 Aug 17;81:97–123. doi: 10.1016/bs.ctm.2018.07.003

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Schematic depicting the formation of a cylindrical membrane tether (nanotube) from a bilayer membrane by an atomic force microscope (AFM) cantilever tip. The cylinder has no Gaussian curvature because one principal curvature is positive while the other is zero (flat). The membrane tether is composed mainly of phospholipids derived from the membrane.