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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Apr 1.
Published in final edited form as: Free Radic Biol Med. 2019 Jan 14;134:702–707. doi: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2019.01.016

Figure 2. Oxidative stress and age related-pathologies.

Figure 2.

Oxidative stress drives neurodegeneration, cancer, and age-related pathologies through organelle dysfunction, DNA damage, and protein aggregation. Target genes of NRF2 (GPX2, TXN1, GCLC, GCLM) facilitate the neutralization of free radicals and prevent damage from occurring. Accumulation of ROS results in mitochondrial dysfunction, DNA damage, and protein aggregates; NRF2 upregulates gene that combat these damages: BCL-2/BCL-xL, 53BP1/RAD51, and POMP/PSMA1 respectively. NRF2 mitigates age-related pathologies.