Table 1. Baseline characteristics of overall, survival, and non-survival groupsa.
| Characteristic | Overall (n=1,395) | Survival (n=1,184) | Non-survival (n=211) | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age | 63.0±14.2 | 62.9±14.4 | 64.1±13.7 | 0.271 |
| Male sex, No. (%) | 787 (56.4) | 667 (56.3) | 120 (56.9) | 0.885 |
| Initial SOFA score | 6.6±3.4 | 6.3±3.2 | 9.1±3.7 | <0.001 |
| Preexisting conditions, No. (%) | ||||
| Hypertension | 466 (33.4) | 402 (34.0) | 64 (30.3) | 0.304 |
| Diabetes | 321 (23.0) | 271 (22.9) | 50 (23.7) | 0.797 |
| Chronic heart disease | 152 (10.9) | 121 (10.2) | 31 (14.7) | 0.055 |
| Chronic lung disease | 80 (5.7) | 66 (5.6) | 14 (6.6) | 0.542 |
| Liver cirrhosis | 90 (6.4) | 66 (5.6) | 24 (11.4) | 0.002 |
| Chronic renal disease | 73 (5.2) | 63 (5.3) | 10 (4.7) | 0.727 |
| Metastatic malignancy | 325 (23.3) | 253 (21.4) | 72 (34.1) | <0.001 |
| Infection source, No. (%) | ||||
| Lung | 514 (36.8) | 409 (34.5) | 105 (49.8) | <0.001 |
| Abdomen | 476 (34.1) | 420 (35.5) | 56 (26.5) | 0.012 |
| Urinary tract | 172 (12.3) | 166 (14.0) | 6 (2.8) | <0.001 |
| Others | 233 (16.7) | 189 (16.0) | 44 (20.9) | 0.079 |
| Hemodynamic variables | ||||
| Initial MAP (mmHg) | 77.7±21.1 | 78.5±21.1 | 72.7±20.4 | <0.001 |
| Average of MAP over 24 hours (mmHg) | 77.2±8.7 | 77.7±8.5 | 74.3±9.4 | <0.001 |
| Heart rate (bpm) | 113.2±24.8 | 112.7±24.9 | 116.3±24.4 | 0.052 |
| Serum lactate level (mmol/L) | 4.7±2.9 | 4.4±2.5 | 6.5±4.2 | <0.001 |
| Fluid therapy within 6 hr (Ml) | 2,551±1,480 | 2,518±1,460 | 2,740±1,579 | 0.045 |
| Vasoactive drug infusions, No. (%) | ||||
| Norepinephrine | 853 (61.1) | 693 (58.5) | 160 (75.8) | <0.001 |
| Others | 238 (17.1) | 151 (12.8) | 87 (41.2) | <0.001 |
| Mechanical ventilation, No. (%) | 119 (8.5) | 70 (5.9) | 49 (23.2) | <0.001 |
| Culture growth, No. (%) | 609 (43.6) | 510 (43.1) | 99 (46.9) | 0.299 |
| RRT, No. (%) | 136 (9.7) | 74 (6.3) | 62 (29.4) | <0.001 |
a, values are mean ± SD. SOFA, Sequential Organ Failure Assessment; MAP, mean arterial pressure; RRT, renal replacement therapy.