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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Jun 22.
Published in final edited form as: Chem Rev. 2019 Mar 27;119(8):5298–5415. doi: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00593

Figure 61.

Figure 61.

Sequential deposition of two layers of nanofibers with different porosities to generate bilayer vascular scaffolds. (A−E) SEM images showing the vascular scaffold (A) that has (C) a high-porosity nanofiber layer (as indicated by *) on the adventitial side and (E) a low-porosity nanofiber layer (as indicated by #) on the luminal side, and (B) that has a high-porosity nanofiber layer on the luminal side and a low-porosity nanofiber layer on the adventitial side, respectively. The insets in (A) and (B) show schematic illustration of the vascular scaffolds, respectively. (D) SEM image showing the transition between the two layers. (F and G) Hematoxylin & eosin images showing the cross-section of the vascular scaffolds after implantation for 12 weeks in rat abdominal aorta replacement models. The barrier layer refers to the nanofiber layer with a low porosity. Reprinted with permission from ref 904. Copyright 2012 Elsevier.