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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Aug 1.
Published in final edited form as: Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2019 Mar 28;106:268–276. doi: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2019.03.026

Fig. 2. Psychological stress selectively increases serum circulating cell-free mitochondrial DNA.

Fig. 2.

(A) Individual (left) and group mean (right) ccf-mtDNA1 (mt-ND1) responses to acute psychological stress at session 1. (B) Validation of the results in (A) in a repeat session 2 one month later. Arrow: a participant with unusually high mtDNA1 baseline values at both sessions. Data are means and SEM. Repeated measure ANOVA on log-transformed data and Least Significant Difference (LSD) pairwise comparisons, n = 31 per session, * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, *** P < 0.001, **** P < 0.0001.