. 2019 Jun 22;18:145. doi: 10.1186/s12944-019-1065-9

Table 5.

Effects of γ-linolenic acid in vitro and in vivo clinical trails

Disorder	Study	Possible mechanism of action	References
Acne	Human in vivo study	Forming products with anti-inflammatory properties through the cyclo-oxygenase and 15-lypogenase. Also, it can improve the hyperproliferative skin condition modulating the protein kinase C.	Jung (2014) [8]
Atopic dermatitis	Human in vivo study	It seems to play na important role as a marker of compliance but not as a therapeutic treatment	Jaw (2003) Yang (2000) [39]
Dry eye	Human in vivo study Rat in vivo study	In combination with omega-3 fatty acids, it decreases the secretion turbidity, the meibomian gland obstruction and edema.	Pinna (2007) [40] Viau (2009) [41]

Disorder

Study

Possible mechanism of action

References

Acne

Human in vivo study

Forming products with anti-inflammatory properties through the cyclo-oxygenase and 15-lypogenase. Also, it can improve the hyperproliferative skin condition modulating the protein kinase C.

Jung (2014) [8]

Atopic dermatitis

Human in vivo study

It seems to play na important role as a marker of compliance but not as a therapeutic treatment

Jaw (2003)

Yang (2000) [39]

Dry eye

Human in vivo study

Rat in vivo study

In combination with omega-3 fatty acids, it decreases the secretion turbidity, the meibomian gland obstruction and edema.

Pinna (2007) [40]

Viau (2009) [41]