Manipulation of the P2Y6 receptor led to changes in marker of spinal microglial activation in CCI rat models. (a) Representative immunostaining pictures showing the expression of Iba-1 in the L4-5 spinal dorsal horn on days 3, 7, and 14 postsurgery between the CCI and sham group, as well as Iba-1 immunostaining on day 14 among CCI, MRS2578 + CCI, and UDP + CCI. (b) Expression of Iba1 protein in the spinal cord of sham, CCI, MRS2578 + CCI, and UDP + CCI rats on day 14 after surgery quantified by mean ± SEM of integrated optical density (IOD) of Iba1/β-actin in rats on day 14 after surgery, n=4. S: sham operated rats; C: CCI rats; M: CCI rats treated with MRS2578; U: CCI rats treated with UDP. Significance of Iba1 levels were analyzed with one-way ANOVA followed by the Student–Newman–Keuls post hoc test (∗P < 0.05, vs the sham group; #P < 0.05, vs the CCI group).