Table 1.
Variables | AMD | p value1 | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Low (0–3) (n = 258) n (%) | Moderate (4–7) (n = 247) n (%) | High (≥8) (n = 95) n (%) | ||
Sociodemographic and lifestyle characteristics | ||||
Gender | ||||
Boys | 139 (53.9) | 95 (38.5) | 34 (35.8) | <0.001∗ |
Girls | 119 (46.1) | 152 (61.5) | 61 (64.2) | |
School type | ||||
Private | 160 (62.0) | 133 (53.8) | 7 (7.4) | <0.001∗ |
Public | 98 (38.0) | 114 (46.2) | 88 (92.6) | |
Work status | ||||
Yes | 47 (18.2) | 34 (13.8) | 23 (24.2) | 0.065 |
No | 211 (81.8) | 213 (86.2) | 72 (75.8) | |
Level of education | ||||
Grade 10 | 81 (31.4) | 89 (39.0) | 45 (47.4) | 0.015∗ |
Grade 11 | 85 (32.9) | 76 (32.8) | 32 (33.7) | |
Grade 12 | 92 (35.7) | 82 (28.2) | 18 (18.9) | |
School grades | ||||
<10 | 46 (17.8) | 21 (8.5) | 11 (11.6) | <0.001∗ |
11–15 | 185 (71.7) | 187 (75.7) | 60 (63.1) | |
>15 | 27 (10.5) | 39 (15.8) | 24 (25.3) | |
Level of physical activity2 | ||||
Low | 74 (44.6) | 63 (36.8) | 27 (41.5) | 0.631 |
Moderate | 70 (42.2) | 85 (49.7) | 31 (47.7) | |
High | 22 (13.3) | 23 (13.5) | 7 (10.8) | |
| ||||
Anthropometric characteristics (mean ± SE) | ||||
Weight (kg) | 69.60 ± 0.900 | 61.73 ± 0.720 | 63.38 ± 1.170 | <0.001∗ |
Height (m) | 1.70 ± 0.006 | 1.68 ± 0.006 | 1.67 ± 0.007 | 0.008∗ |
BMI, N (%) | ||||
Underweight | 5 (1.9) | 6 (2.4) | 0 (0.0) | <0.001∗ |
Normal weight | 142 (55.0) | 190 (76.9) | 77 (81.1) | |
Overweight | 71 (27.5) | 45 (18.2) | 14 (14.7) | |
Obese | 40 (15.5) | 6 (2.4) | 4 (4.2) |
BMI: body mass index. 1The difference between groups was examined using the chi-square test for categorical variables and ANOVA test for continuous variables. 2A low level of physical activity (LPA) corresponds to a PA < 60 min/week; a moderate LPA corresponds to a PA between 60 and 90 min/week; a high LPA corresponds to a PA > 90 min/week. ∗p < 0.05 is considered as significant.