Table 3.
Association between daily energy, nutrients intake means, and adherence to the Mediterranean diet by gender, among Lebanese adolescents, N=600.
| Boys n=268 | P 1 | Girls n=332 | P 1 | Total sample n=600 | P 1 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AMD | AMD | AMD | ||||||||||
| Poor | Moderate | High | Poor | Moderate | High | Poor | Moderate | High | ||||
| Mean ± SE | Mean ± SE | Mean ± SE | Mean ± SE | Mean ± SE | Mean ± SE | Mean ± SE | Mean ± SE | Mean ± SE | ||||
| DEI | 1531.5 ± 49.8 | 1855.2 ± 147.2 | 1658.4 ± 82.5 | 0.044∗ | 1489.4 ± 51.7 | 1521.3 ± 37.2 | 1495.4 ± 44.7 | 0.591 | 1512.1 ± 36.1 | 1649.7 ± 61.6 | 1553.8 ± 41.7 | 0.113 |
| Total CHO (g/day) | 176.0 ± 6.5 | 210.5 ± 7.7 | 214.3 ± 13.1 | 0.001∗ | 182.1 ± 7.1 | 186.0 ± 7.1 | 189.0 ± 7.1 | 0.804 | 179.0 ± 4.8 | 195.4 ± 4.5 | 198.1 ± 6.6 | 0.017∗ |
| CHO (% DEI) | 45.6 ± 1.0 | 56.2 ± 1.2 | 64.5 ± 1.5 | 0.065 | 48.9 ± 1.0 | 51.7 ± 0.9 | 50.3 ± 1.2 | 0.737 | 47.8 ± 0.7 | 49.3 ± 0.7 | 50.8 ± 0.9 | 0.062 |
| Total pro (g/day) | 60.7 ± 2.4 | 71.7 ± 2.9 | 67.6 ± 4.6 | 0.014∗ | 59.3 ± 2.2 | 58.4 ± 1.7 | 65.9 ± 2.5 | 0.073 | 60.1 ± 1.6 | 63.6 ± 1.6 | 66.5 ± 2.3 | 0.076 |
| Proteins (% DEI) | 16.6 ± 0.5 | 17.0 ± 0.6 | 16.8 ± 1.2 | 0.855 | 16.6 ± 0.5 | 15.8 ± 0.4 | 18.1 ± 0.7 | 0.019∗ | 16.6 ± 0.4 | 16.3 ± 0.4 | 17.6 ± 0.6 | 0.163 |
| Total lip (g/day) | 65.0 ± 2.9 | 65.9 ± 2.8 | 59.9 ± 4.1 | 0.529 | 59.6 ± 2.8 | 60.7 ± 2.2 | 54.4 ± 2.6 | 0.305 | 62.5 ± 2.1 | 62.8 ± 1.7 | 56.4 ± 2.2 | 0.156 |
| Lipids (% DEI) | 37.4 ± 0.9 | 34.5 ± 0.9 | 32.3 ± 1.2 | 0.008∗ | 35.0 ± 0.9 | 35.4 ± 0.8 | 32.3 ± 1.1 | 0.095 | 36.3 ± 0.6 | 35.1 ± 0.6 | 32.3 ± 0.8 | 0.003∗ |
| SAFA (% DEI) | 15.2 ± 0.5 | 13.8 ± 0.6 | 13.3 ± 0.8 | 0.130 | 14.4 ± 0.5 | 14.3 ± 0.5 | 12.1 ± 0.5 | 0.015∗ | 14.8 ± 0.4 | 14.1 ± 0.4 | 12.5 ± 0.4 | 0.004∗ |
| MUFA (% DEI) | 12.6 ± 0.4 | 12.3 ± 0.6 | 10.8 ± 0.6 | 0.224 | 11.7 ± 0.5 | 12.1 ± 0.4 | 11.5 ± 0.5 | 0.680 | 12.1 ± 0.3 | 12.1 ± 0.3 | 11.3 ± 0.4 | 0.295 |
| PUFA (% DEI) | 7.8 ± 1.1 | 5.7 ± 0.4 | 5.1 ± 0.4 | 0.180 | 5.9 ± 0.3 | 5.9 ± 0.3 | 5.7 ± 0.3 | 0.638 | 6.9 ± 0.6 | 5.8 ± 0.2 | 5.5 ± 0.2 | 0.117 |
| Total chol (mg/d) | 172.8 ± 12.4 | 223.0 ± 18.8 | 183.8 ± 24.9 | 0.195 | 162.2 ± 12.8 | 186.1 ± 15.1 | 195.1 ± 80.8 | 0.356 | 166.3 ± 8.8 | 198.9 ± 11.8 | 191.1 ± 16.0 | 0.072 |
| Total fib (g/day) | 13.0 ± 0.7 | 16.4 ± 0.9 | 16.1 ± 1.2 | 0.011∗ | 15.1 ± 0.8 | 15.1 ± 0.8 | 15.3 ± 0.8 | 0.988 | 14.0 ± 0.6 | 15.6 ± 0.6 | 15.6 ± 0.7 | 0.089 |
| Water (g/day) | 2713.5 ± 56.4 | 3037.5 ± 77.2 | 3218.5 ± 125.1 | <0.001∗ | 2925.0 ± 71.2 | 2939.5 ± 63.6 | 3542.1 ± 86.9 | <0.001∗ | 2811.6 ± 45.2 | 2977.2 ± 49.1 | 3426.3 ± 72.9 | <0.001∗ |
Mod: moderate; DEI: daily energy intake; CHO: carbohydrates; Pro: proteins; Lip: lipids; SAFA: saturated fatty acids; MUFA: monounsaturated fatty acids; PUFA: polyunsaturated fatty acids; Chol: cholesterol; Fib: fibers. ∗P < 0.05 is considered significant. 1Difference between groups was obtained using ANOVA and Kruskal–Wallis for continuous variables.