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. 2019 Jun 2;2019:2981282. doi: 10.1155/2019/2981282

Table 9.

Statistical analysis on the absolute errors of the selected functions (dim = 200).

Functions VM-GWO Std. GWO ALO PSO BA
Mean Std. deviation Mean Std. deviation Mean Std. deviation Mean Std. deviation Mean Std. deviation
F4 3.3556e − 53 8.7424e − 53 1.6051e − 46 2.2035e − 46 4.2333e − 07 2.9234e − 07 3.0178e − 07 6.5449e − 07 1.6401e − 07 2.1450e − 07
F8 0 0 0 0 3.3307e − 17 7.4934e − 17 1.1102e − 17 3.5108e − 17 1.4466e − 14 1.9684e − 14
F11 0.0115 0.0193 0.0364 0.0640 8.3831 10.3213 12.6649 13.0098 4.7528e + 16 2.8097e + 16